#define WRF_PORT
#define MODAL_AERO
! Updated to CESM1.0.3 (CAM5.1.01) by Balwinder.Singh@pnnl.gov
module uwshcu 2,3
#ifndef WRF_PORT
use cam_history, only: outfld, addfld, phys_decomp
#else
use module_cam_support
, only: outfld, addfld, phys_decomp
use module_state_description, only: CAMUWPBLSCHEME, MYJPBLSCHEME
#endif
use error_function, only: erfc
#ifndef WRF_PORT
use cam_logfile, only: iulog
use ppgrid, only: pcols, pver, pverp
use abortutils, only: endrun
use spmd_utils, only: masterproc
#else
use module_cam_support, only: iulog, pcols, pver, pverp, endrun, masterproc
#endif
implicit none
private
save
public &
uwshcu_readnl, &
init_uwshcu, &
compute_uwshcu, &
compute_uwshcu_inv
integer , parameter :: r8 = selected_real_kind(12) ! 8 byte real
real(r8), parameter :: unset_r8 = huge(1.0_r8)
real(r8) :: xlv ! Latent heat of vaporization
real(r8) :: xlf ! Latent heat of fusion
real(r8) :: xls ! Latent heat of sublimation = xlv + xlf
real(r8) :: cp ! Specific heat of dry air
real(r8) :: zvir ! rh2o/rair - 1
real(r8) :: r ! Gas constant for dry air
real(r8) :: g ! Gravitational constant
real(r8) :: ep2 ! mol wgt water vapor / mol wgt dry air
real(r8) :: p00 ! Reference pressure for exner function
real(r8) :: rovcp ! R/cp
! Tuning parameters set via namelist
real(r8) :: rpen ! For penetrative entrainment efficiency
!===============================================================================
contains
!===============================================================================
real(r8) function exnf(pressure) 2
real(r8), intent(in) :: pressure
exnf = (pressure/p00)**rovcp
return
end function exnf
!===============================================================================
subroutine uwshcu_readnl(nlfile) 1,1
#ifndef WRF_PORT
use namelist_utils, only: find_group_name
use units, only: getunit, freeunit
use mpishorthand
#endif
character(len=*), intent(in) :: nlfile ! filepath for file containing namelist input
#ifndef WRF_PORT
! Local variables
integer :: unitn, ierr
character(len=*), parameter :: subname = 'uwshcu_readnl'
! Namelist variables
real(r8) :: uwshcu_rpen = unset_r8 ! For penetrative entrainment efficiency
namelist /uwshcu_nl/ uwshcu_rpen
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
if (masterproc) then
unitn = getunit()
open( unitn, file=trim(nlfile), status='old' )
call find_group_name(unitn, 'uwshcu_nl', status=ierr)
if (ierr == 0) then
read(unitn, uwshcu_nl, iostat=ierr)
if (ierr /= 0) then
call endrun(subname // ':: ERROR reading namelist')
end if
end if
close(unitn)
call freeunit(unitn)
end if
#ifdef SPMD
! Broadcast namelist variables
call mpibcast(uwshcu_rpen, 1, mpir8, 0, mpicom)
#endif
rpen=uwshcu_rpen
#else
!Balwinder.Singh@pnnl.gov: rpen value has been obtained from previous incarnation
!of this module (see CESM101)
rpen= 10.0_r8
#endif
end subroutine uwshcu_readnl
!===============================================================================
subroutine init_uwshcu( kind, xlv_in, cp_in, xlf_in, zvir_in, r_in, g_in, ep2_in & 1,97
#ifdef WRF_PORT
, rushten, rvshten, rthshten, rqvshten, &
rqcshten, rqrshten, rqishten, rqsshten, rqgshten, &
p_qc, p_qr, p_qi, p_qs, p_qg, &
bl_pbl_physics, param_first_scalar, restart, &
ids, ide, jds, jde, kds, kde, &
ims, ime, jms, jme, kms, kme, &
its, ite, jts, jte, kts, kte )
#else
)
#endif
!~add in zeroing of things like rliq that may come from ZM or may not
!------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Purpose: !
! Initialize key constants for the shallow convection package. !
!------------------------------------------------------------- !
#ifndef WRF_PORT
use cam_history, only: outfld, addfld, phys_decomp
use ppgrid, only: pcols, pver, pverp
#else
use module_cam_support, only: outfld, addfld, phys_decomp, pcols, pver, pverp
#endif
implicit none
integer , intent(in) :: kind ! kind of reals being passed in
real(r8), intent(in) :: xlv_in ! Latent heat of vaporization
real(r8), intent(in) :: xlf_in ! Latent heat of fusion
real(r8), intent(in) :: cp_in ! Specific heat of dry air
real(r8), intent(in) :: zvir_in ! rh2o/rair - 1
real(r8), intent(in) :: r_in ! Gas constant for dry air
real(r8), intent(in) :: g_in ! Gravitational constant
real(r8), intent(in) :: ep2_in ! mol wgt water vapor / mol wgt dry air
character(len=*), parameter :: subname = 'init_uwshcu'
#ifdef WRF_PORT
LOGICAL , INTENT(IN) :: restart
INTEGER , INTENT(IN) :: ids, ide, jds, jde, kds, kde, &
ims, ime, jms, jme, kms, kme, &
its, ite, jts, jte, kts, kte, &
p_qc, p_qr, p_qi, p_qs, p_qg, &
param_first_scalar, &
bl_pbl_physics
REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme , jms:jme ), INTENT(INOUT) :: &
rushten, &
rvshten, &
rthshten, &
rqvshten, &
rqcshten, &
rqrshten, &
rqishten, &
rqsshten, &
rqgshten
integer :: i, itf, j, jtf, k, ktf
jtf = min(jte,jde-1)
ktf = min(kte,kde-1)
itf = min(ite,ide-1)
#ifdef WRF_PORT
!Balwinder.Singh@pnnl.gov - Call to assign rpen
call uwshcu_readnl('dummyString')
#endif
!
! The CAM UW shallow Cu scheme only works with PBL schemes that generate
! TKE. So, for example, YSU would be an invalid choice to combine with
! the UW scheme. For now, we are coupling into the tke_myj version of
! TKE used by MYJ and CAMUWPBL. At some point, it would be great to unify
! all the different TKEs output so that things work together properly.
! For now, we are not trying to deal with the cacophony of variables,
! i.e. tke & tke_pbl.
!
select case(bl_pbl_physics)
case (CAMUWPBLSCHEME, MYJPBLSCHEME)
!These are acceptable PBL schemes.
case default
call wrf_error_fatal("The CAMUWSHCU scheme requires either CAMUWPBLSCHEME or MYJPBLSCHEME.")
end select
!
! Initialize module_cam_support variables...
! This could be moved to a master "cam-init" subroutine once multiple CAM
! parameterizations are implemented in WRF. For now, it doesn't hurt to
! have these possibly initialized more than once since they are
! essentially constant.
!
pver = ktf-kts+1
pverp = pver+1
#endif
! ------------------------- !
! Internal Output Variables !
! ------------------------- !
call addfld( 'qtflx_Cu' , 'kg/m2/s' , pverp , 'A' , 'Convective qt flux' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'slflx_Cu' , 'J/m2/s' , pverp , 'A' , 'Convective sl flux' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'uflx_Cu' , 'kg/m/s2' , pverp , 'A' , 'Convective u flux' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'vflx_Cu' , 'kg/m/s2' , pverp , 'A' , 'Convective v flux' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qtten_Cu' , 'kg/kg/s' , pver , 'A' , 'qt tendency by convection' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'slten_Cu' , 'J/kg/s' , pver , 'A' , 'sl tendency by convection' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'uten_Cu' , 'm/s2' , pver , 'A' , ' u tendency by convection' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'vten_Cu' , 'm/s2' , pver , 'A' , ' v tendency by convection' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qvten_Cu' , 'kg/kg/s' , pver , 'A' , 'qv tendency by convection' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qlten_Cu' , 'kg/kg/s' , pver , 'A' , 'ql tendency by convection' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qiten_Cu' , 'kg/kg/s' , pver , 'A' , 'qi tendency by convection' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'cbmf_Cu' , 'kg/m2/s' , 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus base mass flux' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'ufrcinvbase_Cu' , 'fraction', 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus fraction at PBL top' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'ufrclcl_Cu' , 'fraction', 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus fraction at LCL' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'winvbase_Cu' , 'm/s' , 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus vertical velocity at PBL top' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'wlcl_Cu' , 'm/s' , 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus vertical velocity at LCL' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'plcl_Cu' , 'Pa' , 1 , 'A' , 'LCL of source air' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'pinv_Cu' , 'Pa' , 1 , 'A' , 'PBL top pressure' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'plfc_Cu' , 'Pa' , 1 , 'A' , 'LFC of source air' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'pbup_Cu' , 'Pa' , 1 , 'A' , 'Highest interface level of positive cumulus buoyancy', phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'ppen_Cu' , 'Pa' , 1 , 'A' , 'Highest level where cumulus w is 0' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qtsrc_Cu' , 'kg/kg' , 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus source air qt' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'thlsrc_Cu' , 'K' , 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus source air thl' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'thvlsrc_Cu' , 'K' , 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus source air thvl' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'emfkbup_Cu' , 'kg/m2/s' , 1 , 'A' , 'Penetrative mass flux at kbup' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'cin_Cu' , 'J/kg' , 1 , 'A' , 'CIN upto LFC' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'cinlcl_Cu' , 'J/kg' , 1 , 'A' , 'CIN upto LCL' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'cbmflimit_Cu' , 'kg/m2/s' , 1 , 'A' , 'cbmflimiter' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'tkeavg_Cu' , 'm2/s2' , 1 , 'A' , 'Average tke within PBL for convection scheme' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'zinv_Cu' , 'm' , 1 , 'A' , 'PBL top height' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'rcwp_Cu' , 'kg/m2' , 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus LWP+IWP' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'rlwp_Cu' , 'kg/m2' , 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus LWP' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'riwp_Cu' , 'kg/m2' , 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus IWP' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'tophgt_Cu' , 'm' , 1 , 'A' , 'Cumulus top height' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'wu_Cu' , 'm/s' , pverp , 'A' , 'Convective updraft vertical velocity' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'ufrc_Cu' , 'fraction', pverp , 'A' , 'Convective updraft fractional area' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qtu_Cu' , 'kg/kg' , pverp , 'A' , 'Cumulus updraft qt' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'thlu_Cu' , 'K' , pverp , 'A' , 'Cumulus updraft thl' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'thvu_Cu' , 'K' , pverp , 'A' , 'Cumulus updraft thv' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'uu_Cu' , 'm/s' , pverp , 'A' , 'Cumulus updraft uwnd' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'vu_Cu' , 'm/s' , pverp , 'A' , 'Cumulus updraft vwnd' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qtu_emf_Cu' , 'kg/kg' , pverp , 'A' , 'qt of penatratively entrained air' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'thlu_emf_Cu' , 'K' , pverp , 'A' , 'thl of penatratively entrained air' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'uu_emf_Cu' , 'm/s' , pverp , 'A' , 'uwnd of penatratively entrained air' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'vu_emf_Cu' , 'm/s' , pverp , 'A' , 'vwnd of penatratively entrained air' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'umf_Cu' , 'kg/m2/s' , pverp , 'A' , 'Cumulus updraft mass flux' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'uemf_Cu' , 'kg/m2/s' , pverp , 'A' , 'Cumulus net ( updraft + entrainment ) mass flux' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qcu_Cu' , 'kg/kg' , pver , 'A' , 'Cumulus updraft LWC+IWC' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qlu_Cu' , 'kg/kg' , pver , 'A' , 'Cumulus updraft LWC' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qiu_Cu' , 'kg/kg' , pver , 'A' , 'Cumulus updraft IWC' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'cufrc_Cu' , 'fraction', pver , 'A' , 'Cumulus cloud fraction' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'fer_Cu' , '1/m' , pver , 'A' , 'Cumulus lateral fractional entrainment rate' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'fdr_Cu' , '1/m' , pver , 'A' , 'Cumulus lateral fractional detrainment Rate' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'dwten_Cu' , 'kg/kg/s' , pver , 'A' , 'Expellsion rate of cumulus cloud water to env.' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'diten_Cu' , 'kg/kg/s' , pver , 'A' , 'Expellsion rate of cumulus ice water to env.' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qrten_Cu' , 'kg/kg/s' , pver , 'A' , 'Production rate of rain by cumulus' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'qsten_Cu' , 'kg/kg/s' , pver , 'A' , 'Production rate of snow by cumulus' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'flxrain_Cu' , 'kg/m2/s' , pverp , 'A' , 'Rain flux induced by Cumulus' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'flxsnow_Cu' , 'kg/m2/s' , pverp , 'A' , 'Snow flux induced by Cumulus' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'ntraprd_Cu' , 'kg/kg/s' , pver , 'A' , 'Net production rate of rain by Cumulus' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'ntsnprd_Cu' , 'kg/kg/s' , pver , 'A' , 'Net production rate of snow by Cumulus' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'excessu_Cu' , 'no' , pver , 'A' , 'Updraft saturation excess' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'excess0_Cu' , 'no' , pver , 'A' , 'Environmental saturation excess' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'xc_Cu' , 'no' , pver , 'A' , 'Critical mixing ratio' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'aquad_Cu' , 'no' , pver , 'A' , 'aquad' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'bquad_Cu' , 'no' , pver , 'A' , 'bquad' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'cquad_Cu' , 'no' , pver , 'A' , 'cquad' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'bogbot_Cu' , 'no' , pver , 'A' , 'Cloud buoyancy at the bottom interface' , phys_decomp )
call addfld( 'bogtop_Cu' , 'no' , pver , 'A' , 'Cloud buoyancy at the top interface' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('exit_UWCu_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'exit_UWCu' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('exit_conden_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'exit_conden' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('exit_klclmkx_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'exit_klclmkx' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('exit_klfcmkx_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'exit_klfcmkx' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('exit_ufrc_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'exit_ufrc' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('exit_wtw_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'exit_wtw' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('exit_drycore_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'exit_drycore' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('exit_wu_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'exit_wu' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('exit_cufilter_Cu', 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'exit_cufilter' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('exit_kinv1_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'exit_kinv1' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('exit_rei_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'exit_rei' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('limit_shcu_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'limit_shcu' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('limit_negcon_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'limit_negcon' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('limit_ufrc_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'limit_ufrc' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('limit_ppen_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'limit_ppen' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('limit_emf_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'limit_emf' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('limit_cinlcl_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'limit_cinlcl' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('limit_cin_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'limit_cin' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('limit_cbmf_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'limit_cbmf' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('limit_rei_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'limit_rei' , phys_decomp )
call addfld('ind_delcin_Cu' , 'no' , 1 , 'A' , 'ind_delcin' , phys_decomp )
if( kind .ne. r8 ) then
write(iulog,*) subname//': ERROR -- real KIND does not match internal specification.'
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
call endrun(subname//': ERROR -- real KIND does not match internal specification.')
endif
xlv = xlv_in
xlf = xlf_in
xls = xlv + xlf
cp = cp_in
zvir = zvir_in
r = r_in
g = g_in
ep2 = ep2_in
p00 = 1.e5_r8
rovcp = r/cp
if (rpen == unset_r8) then
call endrun(subname//': uwshcu_rpen must be set in the namelist')
end if
if ( masterproc ) then
write(iulog,*) subname//': tuning parameters: rpen=',rpen
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_debug(1,iulog)
#endif
endif
#ifdef WRF_PORT
!
! Set initial values for WRF arrays dependent on restart conditions
!
if(.not.restart)then
do j=jts,jtf
do k=kts,ktf
do i=its,itf
rushten(i,k,j) = 0.
rvshten(i,k,j) = 0.
rthshten(i,k,j) = 0.
rqvshten(i,k,j) = 0.
if( p_qc > param_first_scalar ) rqcshten(i,k,j) = 0.
if( p_qr > param_first_scalar ) rqrshten(i,k,j) = 0.
if( p_qi > param_first_scalar ) rqishten(i,k,j) = 0.
if( p_qs > param_first_scalar ) rqsshten(i,k,j) = 0.
if( p_qg > param_first_scalar ) rqgshten(i,k,j) = 0.
enddo
enddo
enddo
end if
#endif
end subroutine init_uwshcu
subroutine compute_uwshcu_inv( mix , mkx , iend , ncnst , dt , & 1,1
ps0_inv , zs0_inv , p0_inv , z0_inv , dp0_inv , &
u0_inv , v0_inv , qv0_inv , ql0_inv , qi0_inv , &
t0_inv , s0_inv , tr0_inv , &
tke_inv , cldfrct_inv, concldfrct_inv, pblh , cush , &
umf_inv , slflx_inv , qtflx_inv , &
flxprc1_inv, flxsnow1_inv, &
qvten_inv, qlten_inv , qiten_inv , &
sten_inv , uten_inv , vten_inv , trten_inv , &
qrten_inv, qsten_inv , precip , snow , evapc_inv, &
cufrc_inv, qcu_inv , qlu_inv , qiu_inv , &
cbmf , qc_inv , rliq , &
cnt_inv , cnb_inv , qsat , lchnk , dpdry0_inv )
implicit none
integer , intent(in) :: lchnk
integer , intent(in) :: mix
integer , intent(in) :: mkx
integer , intent(in) :: iend
integer , intent(in) :: ncnst
real(r8), intent(in) :: dt ! Time step : 2*delta_t [ s ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: ps0_inv(mix,mkx+1) ! Environmental pressure at the interfaces [ Pa ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: zs0_inv(mix,mkx+1) ! Environmental height at the interfaces [ m ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: p0_inv(mix,mkx) ! Environmental pressure at the layer mid-point [ Pa ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: z0_inv(mix,mkx) ! Environmental height at the layer mid-point [ m ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: dp0_inv(mix,mkx) ! Environmental layer pressure thickness [ Pa ] > 0.
real(r8), intent(in) :: dpdry0_inv(mix,mkx) ! Environmental dry layer pressure thickness [ Pa ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: u0_inv(mix,mkx) ! Environmental zonal wind [ m/s ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: v0_inv(mix,mkx) ! Environmental meridional wind [ m/s ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: qv0_inv(mix,mkx) ! Environmental water vapor specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: ql0_inv(mix,mkx) ! Environmental liquid water specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: qi0_inv(mix,mkx) ! Environmental ice specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: t0_inv(mix,mkx) ! Environmental temperature [ K ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: s0_inv(mix,mkx) ! Environmental dry static energy [ J/kg ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: tr0_inv(mix,mkx,ncnst) ! Environmental tracers [ #, kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: tke_inv(mix,mkx+1) ! Turbulent kinetic energy at the interfaces [ m2/s2 ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: cldfrct_inv(mix,mkx) ! Total cloud fraction at the previous time step [ fraction ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: concldfrct_inv(mix,mkx) ! Total convective ( shallow + deep ) cloud fraction at the previous time step [ fraction ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: pblh(mix) ! Height of PBL [ m ]
real(r8), intent(inout) :: cush(mix) ! Convective scale height [ m ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: umf_inv(mix,mkx+1) ! Updraft mass flux at the interfaces [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qvten_inv(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of water vapor specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qlten_inv(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of liquid water specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qiten_inv(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of ice specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: sten_inv(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of dry static energy [ J/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: uten_inv(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of zonal wind [ m/s2 ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: vten_inv(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of meridional wind [ m/s2 ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: trten_inv(mix,mkx,ncnst) ! Tendency of tracers [ #/s, kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qrten_inv(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of rain water specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qsten_inv(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of snow specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: precip(mix) ! Precipitation ( rain + snow ) flux at the surface [ m/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: snow(mix) ! Snow flux at the surface [ m/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: evapc_inv(mix,mkx) ! Evaporation of precipitation [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: rliq(mix) ! Vertical integral of tendency of detrained cloud condensate qc [ m/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: slflx_inv(mix,mkx+1) ! Updraft liquid static energy flux [ J/kg * kg/m2/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qtflx_inv(mix,mkx+1) ! Updraft total water flux [ kg/kg * kg/m2/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: flxprc1_inv(mix,mkx+1) ! uw grid-box mean rain+snow flux (kg m^-2 s^-1) for physics buffer calls in convect_shallow.F90
real(r8), intent(out) :: flxsnow1_inv(mix,mkx+1) ! uw grid-box mean snow flux (kg m^-2 s^-1) for physics buffer calls in convect_shallow.F90
real(r8), intent(out) :: cufrc_inv(mix,mkx) ! Shallow cumulus cloud fraction at the layer mid-point [ fraction ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qcu_inv(mix,mkx) ! Liquid+ice specific humidity within cumulus updraft [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qlu_inv(mix,mkx) ! Liquid water specific humidity within cumulus updraft [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qiu_inv(mix,mkx) ! Ice specific humidity within cumulus updraft [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qc_inv(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of cumulus condensate detrained into the environment [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: cbmf(mix) ! Cumulus base mass flux [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: cnt_inv(mix) ! Cumulus top interface index, cnt = kpen [ no ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: cnb_inv(mix) ! Cumulus base interface index, cnb = krel - 1 [ no ]
integer , external :: qsat ! Function pointer to sat vap pressure function
real(r8) :: ps0(mix,0:mkx) ! Environmental pressure at the interfaces [ Pa ]
real(r8) :: zs0(mix,0:mkx) ! Environmental height at the interfaces [ m ]
real(r8) :: p0(mix,mkx) ! Environmental pressure at the layer mid-point [ Pa ]
real(r8) :: z0(mix,mkx) ! Environmental height at the layer mid-point [ m ]
real(r8) :: dp0(mix,mkx) ! Environmental layer pressure thickness [ Pa ] > 0.
real(r8) :: dpdry0(mix,mkx) ! Environmental dry layer pressure thickness [ Pa ]
real(r8) :: u0(mix,mkx) ! Environmental zonal wind [ m/s ]
real(r8) :: v0(mix,mkx) ! Environmental meridional wind [ m/s ]
real(r8) :: tke(mix,0:mkx) ! Turbulent kinetic energy at the interfaces [ m2/s2 ]
real(r8) :: cldfrct(mix,mkx) ! Total cloud fraction at the previous time step [ fraction ]
real(r8) :: concldfrct(mix,mkx) ! Total convective ( shallow + deep ) cloud fraction at the previous time step [ fraction ]
real(r8) :: qv0(mix,mkx) ! Environmental water vapor specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) :: ql0(mix,mkx) ! Environmental liquid water specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) :: qi0(mix,mkx) ! Environmental ice specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) :: t0(mix,mkx) ! Environmental temperature [ K ]
real(r8) :: s0(mix,mkx) ! Environmental dry static energy [ J/kg ]
real(r8) :: tr0(mix,mkx,ncnst) ! Environmental tracers [ #, kg/kg ]
real(r8) :: umf(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft mass flux at the interfaces [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) :: qvten(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of water vapor specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) :: qlten(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of liquid water specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) :: qiten(mix,mkx) ! tendency of ice specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) :: sten(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of static energy [ J/kg/s ]
real(r8) :: uten(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of zonal wind [ m/s2 ]
real(r8) :: vten(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of meridional wind [ m/s2 ]
real(r8) :: trten(mix,mkx,ncnst) ! Tendency of tracers [ #/s, kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) :: qrten(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of rain water specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) :: qsten(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of snow speficif humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) :: evapc(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of evaporation of precipitation [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) :: slflx(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft liquid static energy flux [ J/kg * kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) :: qtflx(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft total water flux [ kg/kg * kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) :: flxprc1(mix,0:mkx) ! uw grid-box mean rain+snow flux (kg m^-2 s^-1) for physics buffer calls in convect_shallow.F90
real(r8) :: flxsnow1(mix,0:mkx) ! uw grid-box mean snow flux (kg m^-2 s^-1) for physics buffer calls in convect_shallow.F90
real(r8) :: cufrc(mix,mkx) ! Shallow cumulus cloud fraction at the layer mid-point [ fraction ]
real(r8) :: qcu(mix,mkx) ! Condensate water specific humidity within cumulus updraft at the layer mid-point [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) :: qlu(mix,mkx) ! Liquid water specific humidity within cumulus updraft at the layer mid-point [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) :: qiu(mix,mkx) ! Ice specific humidity within cumulus updraft at the layer mid-point [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) :: qc(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of cumulus condensate detrained into the environment [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) :: cnt(mix) ! Cumulus top interface index, cnt = kpen [ no ]
real(r8) :: cnb(mix) ! Cumulus base interface index, cnb = krel - 1 [ no ]
integer :: k ! Vertical index for local fields [ no ]
integer :: k_inv ! Vertical index for incoming fields [ no ]
integer :: m ! Tracer index [ no ]
do k = 1, mkx
k_inv = mkx + 1 - k
p0(:iend,k) = p0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
u0(:iend,k) = u0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
v0(:iend,k) = v0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
z0(:iend,k) = z0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
dp0(:iend,k) = dp0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
dpdry0(:iend,k) = dpdry0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
qv0(:iend,k) = qv0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
ql0(:iend,k) = ql0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
qi0(:iend,k) = qi0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
t0(:iend,k) = t0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
s0(:iend,k) = s0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
cldfrct(:iend,k) = cldfrct_inv(:iend,k_inv)
concldfrct(:iend,k) = concldfrct_inv(:iend,k_inv)
do m = 1, ncnst
tr0(:iend,k,m) = tr0_inv(:iend,k_inv,m)
enddo
enddo
do k = 0, mkx
k_inv = mkx + 1 - k
ps0(:iend,k) = ps0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
zs0(:iend,k) = zs0_inv(:iend,k_inv)
tke(:iend,k) = tke_inv(:iend,k_inv)
end do
call compute_uwshcu( mix , mkx , iend , ncnst , dt , &
ps0 , zs0 , p0 , z0 , dp0 , &
u0 , v0 , qv0 , ql0 , qi0 , &
t0 , s0 , tr0 , &
tke , cldfrct, concldfrct, pblh , cush , &
umf , slflx , qtflx , &
flxprc1 , flxsnow1 , &
qvten, qlten , qiten , &
sten , uten , vten , trten , &
qrten, qsten , precip , snow , evapc, &
cufrc, qcu , qlu , qiu , &
cbmf , qc , rliq , &
cnt , cnb , qsat , lchnk , dpdry0 )
! Reverse cloud top/base interface indices
cnt_inv(:iend) = mkx + 1 - cnt(:iend)
cnb_inv(:iend) = mkx + 1 - cnb(:iend)
do k = 0, mkx
k_inv = mkx + 1 - k
umf_inv(:iend,k_inv) = umf(:iend,k)
slflx_inv(:iend,k_inv) = slflx(:iend,k)
qtflx_inv(:iend,k_inv) = qtflx(:iend,k)
flxprc1_inv(:iend,k_inv) = flxprc1(:iend,k) ! reversed for output to cam
flxsnow1_inv(:iend,k_inv) = flxsnow1(:iend,k) ! ""
end do
do k = 1, mkx
k_inv = mkx + 1 - k
qvten_inv(:iend,k_inv) = qvten(:iend,k)
qlten_inv(:iend,k_inv) = qlten(:iend,k)
qiten_inv(:iend,k_inv) = qiten(:iend,k)
sten_inv(:iend,k_inv) = sten(:iend,k)
uten_inv(:iend,k_inv) = uten(:iend,k)
vten_inv(:iend,k_inv) = vten(:iend,k)
qrten_inv(:iend,k_inv) = qrten(:iend,k)
qsten_inv(:iend,k_inv) = qsten(:iend,k)
evapc_inv(:iend,k_inv) = evapc(:iend,k)
cufrc_inv(:iend,k_inv) = cufrc(:iend,k)
qcu_inv(:iend,k_inv) = qcu(:iend,k)
qlu_inv(:iend,k_inv) = qlu(:iend,k)
qiu_inv(:iend,k_inv) = qiu(:iend,k)
qc_inv(:iend,k_inv) = qc(:iend,k)
do m = 1, ncnst
trten_inv(:iend,k_inv,m) = trten(:iend,k,m)
enddo
enddo
end subroutine compute_uwshcu_inv
subroutine compute_uwshcu( mix , mkx , iend , ncnst , dt , & 1,154
ps0_in , zs0_in , p0_in , z0_in , dp0_in , &
u0_in , v0_in , qv0_in , ql0_in , qi0_in , &
t0_in , s0_in , tr0_in , &
tke_in , cldfrct_in, concldfrct_in, pblh_in , cush_inout, &
umf_out , slflx_out , qtflx_out , &
flxprc1_out , flxsnow1_out , &
qvten_out, qlten_out , qiten_out , &
sten_out , uten_out , vten_out , trten_out, &
qrten_out, qsten_out , precip_out , snow_out , evapc_out , &
cufrc_out, qcu_out , qlu_out , qiu_out , &
cbmf_out , qc_out , rliq_out , &
cnt_out , cnb_out , qsat , lchnk , dpdry0_in )
! ------------------------------------------------------------ !
! !
! University of Washington Shallow Convection Scheme !
! !
! Described in Park and Bretherton. 2008. J. Climate : !
! !
! 'The University of Washington shallow convection and !
! moist turbulent schemes and their impact on climate !
! simulations with the Community Atmosphere Model' !
! !
! Coded by Sungsu Park. Oct.2005. !
! May.2008. !
! For questions, send an email to sungsup@ucar.edu or !
! sungsu@atmos.washington.edu !
! !
! ------------------------------------------------------------ !
#ifndef WRF_PORT
use cam_history, only : outfld, addfld, phys_decomp
#else
use module_cam_support, only : outfld, addfld, phys_decomp
#endif
use constituents, only : qmin, cnst_get_type_byind, cnst_get_ind
#ifdef MODAL_AERO
use modal_aero_data, only : ntot_amode, numptr_amode
#endif
implicit none
! ---------------------- !
! Input-Output Variables !
! ---------------------- !
integer , intent(in) :: lchnk
integer , intent(in) :: mix
integer , intent(in) :: mkx
integer , intent(in) :: iend
integer , intent(in) :: ncnst
real(r8), intent(in) :: dt ! Time step : 2*delta_t [ s ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: ps0_in(mix,0:mkx) ! Environmental pressure at the interfaces [ Pa ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: zs0_in(mix,0:mkx) ! Environmental height at the interfaces [ m ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: p0_in(mix,mkx) ! Environmental pressure at the layer mid-point [ Pa ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: z0_in(mix,mkx) ! Environmental height at the layer mid-point [ m ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: dp0_in(mix,mkx) ! Environmental layer pressure thickness [ Pa ] > 0.
real(r8), intent(in) :: dpdry0_in(mix,mkx) ! Environmental dry layer pressure thickness [ Pa ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: u0_in(mix,mkx) ! Environmental zonal wind [ m/s ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: v0_in(mix,mkx) ! Environmental meridional wind [ m/s ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: qv0_in(mix,mkx) ! Environmental water vapor specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: ql0_in(mix,mkx) ! Environmental liquid water specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: qi0_in(mix,mkx) ! Environmental ice specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: t0_in(mix,mkx) ! Environmental temperature [ K ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: s0_in(mix,mkx) ! Environmental dry static energy [ J/kg ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: tr0_in(mix,mkx,ncnst) ! Environmental tracers [ #, kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: tke_in(mix,0:mkx) ! Turbulent kinetic energy at the interfaces [ m2/s2 ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: cldfrct_in(mix,mkx) ! Total cloud fraction at the previous time step [ fraction ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: concldfrct_in(mix,mkx) ! Total convective cloud fraction at the previous time step [ fraction ]
real(r8), intent(in) :: pblh_in(mix) ! Height of PBL [ m ]
real(r8), intent(inout) :: cush_inout(mix) ! Convective scale height [ m ]
real(r8) tw0_in(mix,mkx) ! Wet bulb temperature [ K ]
real(r8) qw0_in(mix,mkx) ! Wet-bulb specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: umf_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft mass flux at the interfaces [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qvten_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of water vapor specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qlten_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of liquid water specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qiten_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of ice specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: sten_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of dry static energy [ J/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: uten_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of zonal wind [ m/s2 ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: vten_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of meridional wind [ m/s2 ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: trten_out(mix,mkx,ncnst) ! Tendency of tracers [ #/s, kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qrten_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of rain water specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qsten_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of snow specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: precip_out(mix) ! Precipitation ( rain + snow ) rate at surface [ m/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: snow_out(mix) ! Snow rate at surface [ m/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: evapc_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of evaporation of precipitation [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: slflx_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft/pen.entrainment liquid static energy flux [ J/kg * kg/m2/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qtflx_out(mix,0:mkx) ! updraft/pen.entrainment total water flux [ kg/kg * kg/m2/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: flxprc1_out(mix,0:mkx) ! precip (rain+snow) flux
real(r8), intent(out) :: flxsnow1_out(mix,0:mkx) ! snow flux
real(r8), intent(out) :: cufrc_out(mix,mkx) ! Shallow cumulus cloud fraction at the layer mid-point [ fraction ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qcu_out(mix,mkx) ! Condensate water specific humidity within cumulus updraft [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qlu_out(mix,mkx) ! Liquid water specific humidity within cumulus updraft [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qiu_out(mix,mkx) ! Ice specific humidity within cumulus updraft [ kg/kg ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: cbmf_out(mix) ! Cloud base mass flux [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: qc_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of detrained cumulus condensate into the environment [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: rliq_out(mix) ! Vertical integral of qc_out [ m/s ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: cnt_out(mix) ! Cumulus top interface index, cnt = kpen [ no ]
real(r8), intent(out) :: cnb_out(mix) ! Cumulus base interface index, cnb = krel - 1 [ no ]
!
! Internal Output Variables
!
integer , external :: qsat
real(r8) qtten_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of qt [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) slten_out(mix,mkx) ! Tendency of sl [ J/kg/s ]
real(r8) ufrc_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft fractional area at the interfaces [ fraction ]
real(r8) uflx_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft/pen.entrainment zonal momentum flux [ m/s/m2/s ]
real(r8) vflx_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft/pen.entrainment meridional momentum flux [ m/s/m2/s ]
real(r8) fer_out(mix,mkx) ! Fractional lateral entrainment rate [ 1/Pa ]
real(r8) fdr_out(mix,mkx) ! Fractional lateral detrainment rate [ 1/Pa ]
real(r8) cinh_out(mix) ! Convective INhibition upto LFC (CIN) [ J/kg ]
real(r8) trflx_out(mix,0:mkx,ncnst) ! Updraft/pen.entrainment tracer flux [ #/m2/s, kg/kg/m2/s ]
! -------------------------------------------- !
! One-dimensional variables at each grid point !
! -------------------------------------------- !
! 1. Input variables
real(r8) ps0(0:mkx) ! Environmental pressure at the interfaces [ Pa ]
real(r8) zs0(0:mkx) ! Environmental height at the interfaces [ m ]
real(r8) p0(mkx) ! Environmental pressure at the layer mid-point [ Pa ]
real(r8) z0(mkx) ! Environmental height at the layer mid-point [ m ]
real(r8) dp0(mkx) ! Environmental layer pressure thickness [ Pa ] > 0.
real(r8) dpdry0(mkx) ! Environmental dry layer pressure thickness [ Pa ]
real(r8) u0(mkx) ! Environmental zonal wind [ m/s ]
real(r8) v0(mkx) ! Environmental meridional wind [ m/s ]
real(r8) tke(0:mkx) ! Turbulent kinetic energy at the interfaces [ m2/s2 ]
real(r8) cldfrct(mkx) ! Total cloud fraction at the previous time step [ fraction ]
real(r8) concldfrct(mkx) ! Total convective cloud fraction at the previous time step [ fraction ]
real(r8) qv0(mkx) ! Environmental water vapor specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) ql0(mkx) ! Environmental liquid water specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) qi0(mkx) ! Environmental ice specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) t0(mkx) ! Environmental temperature [ K ]
real(r8) s0(mkx) ! Environmental dry static energy [ J/kg ]
real(r8) pblh ! Height of PBL [ m ]
real(r8) cush ! Convective scale height [ m ]
real(r8) tr0(mkx,ncnst) ! Environmental tracers [ #, kg/kg ]
! 2. Environmental variables directly derived from the input variables
real(r8) qt0(mkx) ! Environmental total specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) thl0(mkx) ! Environmental liquid potential temperature [ K ]
real(r8) thvl0(mkx) ! Environmental liquid virtual potential temperature [ K ]
real(r8) ssqt0(mkx) ! Linear internal slope of environmental total specific humidity [ kg/kg/Pa ]
real(r8) ssthl0(mkx) ! Linear internal slope of environmental liquid potential temperature [ K/Pa ]
real(r8) ssu0(mkx) ! Linear internal slope of environmental zonal wind [ m/s/Pa ]
real(r8) ssv0(mkx) ! Linear internal slope of environmental meridional wind [ m/s/Pa ]
real(r8) thv0bot(mkx) ! Environmental virtual potential temperature at the bottom of each layer [ K ]
real(r8) thv0top(mkx) ! Environmental virtual potential temperature at the top of each layer [ K ]
real(r8) thvl0bot(mkx) ! Environmental liquid virtual potential temperature at the bottom of each layer [ K ]
real(r8) thvl0top(mkx) ! Environmental liquid virtual potential temperature at the top of each layer [ K ]
real(r8) exn0(mkx) ! Exner function at the layer mid points [ no ]
real(r8) exns0(0:mkx) ! Exner function at the interfaces [ no ]
real(r8) sstr0(mkx,ncnst) ! Linear slope of environmental tracers [ #/Pa, kg/kg/Pa ]
! 2-1. For preventing negative condensate at the provisional time step
real(r8) qv0_star(mkx) ! Environmental water vapor specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) ql0_star(mkx) ! Environmental liquid water specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) qi0_star(mkx) ! Environmental ice specific humidity [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) t0_star(mkx) ! Environmental temperature [ K ]
real(r8) s0_star(mkx) ! Environmental dry static energy [ J/kg ]
! 3. Variables associated with cumulus convection
real(r8) umf(0:mkx) ! Updraft mass flux at the interfaces [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) emf(0:mkx) ! Penetrative entrainment mass flux at the interfaces [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) qvten(mkx) ! Tendency of water vapor specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) qlten(mkx) ! Tendency of liquid water specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) qiten(mkx) ! Tendency of ice specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) sten(mkx) ! Tendency of dry static energy [ J/kg ]
real(r8) uten(mkx) ! Tendency of zonal wind [ m/s2 ]
real(r8) vten(mkx) ! Tendency of meridional wind [ m/s2 ]
real(r8) qrten(mkx) ! Tendency of rain water specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) qsten(mkx) ! Tendency of snow specific humidity [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) precip ! Precipitation rate ( rain + snow) at the surface [ m/s ]
real(r8) snow ! Snow rate at the surface [ m/s ]
real(r8) evapc(mkx) ! Tendency of evaporation of precipitation [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) slflx(0:mkx) ! Updraft/pen.entrainment liquid static energy flux [ J/kg * kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) qtflx(0:mkx) ! Updraft/pen.entrainment total water flux [ kg/kg * kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) uflx(0:mkx) ! Updraft/pen.entrainment flux of zonal momentum [ m/s/m2/s ]
real(r8) vflx(0:mkx) ! Updraft/pen.entrainment flux of meridional momentum [ m/s/m2/s ]
real(r8) cufrc(mkx) ! Shallow cumulus cloud fraction at the layer mid-point [ fraction ]
real(r8) qcu(mkx) ! Condensate water specific humidity within convective updraft [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) qlu(mkx) ! Liquid water specific humidity within convective updraft [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) qiu(mkx) ! Ice specific humidity within convective updraft [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) dwten(mkx) ! Detrained water tendency from cumulus updraft [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) diten(mkx) ! Detrained ice tendency from cumulus updraft [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) fer(mkx) ! Fractional lateral entrainment rate [ 1/Pa ]
real(r8) fdr(mkx) ! Fractional lateral detrainment rate [ 1/Pa ]
real(r8) uf(mkx) ! Zonal wind at the provisional time step [ m/s ]
real(r8) vf(mkx) ! Meridional wind at the provisional time step [ m/s ]
real(r8) qc(mkx) ! Tendency due to detrained 'cloud water + cloud ice' (without rain-snow contribution) [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) qc_l(mkx) ! Tendency due to detrained 'cloud water' (without rain-snow contribution) [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) qc_i(mkx) ! Tendency due to detrained 'cloud ice' (without rain-snow contribution) [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) qc_lm
real(r8) qc_im
real(r8) nc_lm
real(r8) nc_im
real(r8) ql_emf_kbup
real(r8) qi_emf_kbup
real(r8) nl_emf_kbup
real(r8) ni_emf_kbup
real(r8) qlten_det
real(r8) qiten_det
real(r8) rliq ! Vertical integral of qc [ m/s ]
real(r8) cnt ! Cumulus top interface index, cnt = kpen [ no ]
real(r8) cnb ! Cumulus base interface index, cnb = krel - 1 [ no ]
real(r8) qtten(mkx) ! Tendency of qt [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) slten(mkx) ! Tendency of sl [ J/kg/s ]
real(r8) ufrc(0:mkx) ! Updraft fractional area [ fraction ]
real(r8) trten(mkx,ncnst) ! Tendency of tracers [ #/s, kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) trflx(0:mkx,ncnst) ! Flux of tracers due to convection [ # * kg/m2/s, kg/kg * kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) trflx_d(0:mkx) ! Adjustive downward flux of tracers to prevent negative tracers
real(r8) trflx_u(0:mkx) ! Adjustive upward flux of tracers to prevent negative tracers
real(r8) trmin ! Minimum concentration of tracers allowed
real(r8) pdelx, dum
!----- Variables used for the calculation of condensation sink associated with compensating subsidence
! In the current code, this 'sink' tendency is simply set to be zero.
real(r8) uemf(0:mkx) ! Net updraft mass flux at the interface ( emf + umf ) [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) comsub(mkx) ! Compensating subsidence at the layer mid-point ( unit of mass flux, umf ) [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) qlten_sink(mkx) ! Liquid condensate tendency by compensating subsidence/upwelling [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) qiten_sink(mkx) ! Ice condensate tendency by compensating subsidence/upwelling [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) nlten_sink(mkx) ! Liquid droplets # tendency by compensating subsidence/upwelling [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) niten_sink(mkx) ! Ice droplets # tendency by compensating subsidence/upwelling [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) thlten_sub, qtten_sub ! Tendency of conservative scalars by compensating subsidence/upwelling
real(r8) qlten_sub, qiten_sub ! Tendency of ql0, qi0 by compensating subsidence/upwelling
real(r8) nlten_sub, niten_sub ! Tendency of nl0, ni0 by compensating subsidence/upwelling
real(r8) thl_prog, qt_prog ! Prognosed 'thl, qt' by compensating subsidence/upwelling
!----- Variables describing cumulus updraft
real(r8) wu(0:mkx) ! Updraft vertical velocity at the interface [ m/s ]
real(r8) thlu(0:mkx) ! Updraft liquid potential temperature at the interface [ K ]
real(r8) qtu(0:mkx) ! Updraft total specific humidity at the interface [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) uu(0:mkx) ! Updraft zonal wind at the interface [ m/s ]
real(r8) vu(0:mkx) ! Updraft meridional wind at the interface [ m/s ]
real(r8) thvu(0:mkx) ! Updraft virtual potential temperature at the interface [ m/s ]
real(r8) rei(mkx) ! Updraft fractional mixing rate with the environment [ 1/Pa ]
real(r8) tru(0:mkx,ncnst) ! Updraft tracers [ #, kg/kg ]
!----- Variables describing conservative scalars of entraining downdrafts at the
! entraining interfaces, i.e., 'kbup <= k < kpen-1'. At the other interfaces,
! belows are simply set to equal to those of updraft for simplicity - but it
! does not influence numerical calculation.
real(r8) thlu_emf(0:mkx) ! Penetrative downdraft liquid potential temperature at entraining interfaces [ K ]
real(r8) qtu_emf(0:mkx) ! Penetrative downdraft total water at entraining interfaces [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) uu_emf(0:mkx) ! Penetrative downdraft zonal wind at entraining interfaces [ m/s ]
real(r8) vu_emf(0:mkx) ! Penetrative downdraft meridional wind at entraining interfaces [ m/s ]
real(r8) tru_emf(0:mkx,ncnst) ! Penetrative Downdraft tracers at entraining interfaces [ #, kg/kg ]
!----- Variables associated with evaporations of convective 'rain' and 'snow'
real(r8) flxrain(0:mkx) ! Downward rain flux at each interface [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) flxsnow(0:mkx) ! Downward snow flux at each interface [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) ntraprd(mkx) ! Net production ( production - evaporation + melting ) rate of rain in each layer [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) ntsnprd(mkx) ! Net production ( production - evaporation + freezing ) rate of snow in each layer [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) flxsntm ! Downward snow flux at the top of each layer after melting [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) snowmlt ! Snow melting tendency [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) subsat ! Sub-saturation ratio (1-qv/qs) [ no unit ]
real(r8) evprain ! Evaporation rate of rain [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) evpsnow ! Evaporation rate of snow [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) evplimit ! Limiter of 'evprain + evpsnow' [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) evplimit_rain ! Limiter of 'evprain' [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) evplimit_snow ! Limiter of 'evpsnow' [ kg/kg/s ]
real(r8) evpint_rain ! Vertically-integrated evaporative flux of rain [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) evpint_snow ! Vertically-integrated evaporative flux of snow [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) kevp ! Evaporative efficiency [ complex unit ]
!----- Other internal variables
integer kk, mm, k, i, m, kp1, km1
integer iter_scaleh, iter_xc
integer id_check, status
integer klcl ! Layer containing LCL of source air
integer kinv ! Inversion layer with PBL top interface as a lower interface
integer krel ! Release layer where buoyancy sorting mixing occurs for the first time
integer klfc ! LFC layer of cumulus source air
integer kbup ! Top layer in which cloud buoyancy is positive at the top interface
integer kpen ! Highest layer with positive updraft vertical velocity - top layer cumulus can reach
logical id_exit
logical forcedCu ! If 'true', cumulus updraft cannot overcome the buoyancy barrier just above the PBL top.
real(r8) thlsrc, qtsrc, usrc, vsrc, thvlsrc ! Updraft source air properties
real(r8) PGFc, uplus, vplus
real(r8) trsrc(ncnst), tre(ncnst)
real(r8) plcl, plfc, prel, wrel
real(r8) frc_rasn
real(r8) ee2, ud2, wtw, wtwb, wtwh
real(r8) xc, xc_2
real(r8) cldhgt, scaleh, tscaleh, cridis, rle, rkm
real(r8) rkfre, sigmaw, epsvarw, tkeavg, dpsum, dpi, thvlmin
real(r8) thlxsat, qtxsat, thvxsat, x_cu, x_en, thv_x0, thv_x1
real(r8) thj, qvj, qlj, qij, thvj, tj, thv0j, rho0j, rhos0j, qse
real(r8) cin, cinlcl
real(r8) pe, dpe, exne, thvebot, thle, qte, ue, ve, thlue, qtue, wue
real(r8) mu, mumin0, mumin1, mumin2, mulcl, mulclstar
real(r8) cbmf, wcrit, winv, wlcl, ufrcinv, ufrclcl, rmaxfrac
real(r8) criqc, exql, exqi, ppen
real(r8) thl0top, thl0bot, qt0bot, qt0top, thvubot, thvutop
real(r8) thlu_top, qtu_top, qlu_top, qiu_top, qlu_mid, qiu_mid, exntop
real(r8) thl0lcl, qt0lcl, thv0lcl, thv0rel, rho0inv, autodet
real(r8) aquad, bquad, cquad, xc1, xc2, excessu, excess0, xsat, xs1, xs2
real(r8) bogbot, bogtop, delbog, drage, expfac, rbuoy, rdrag
real(r8) rcwp, rlwp, riwp, qcubelow, qlubelow, qiubelow
real(r8) rainflx, snowflx
real(r8) es(1)
real(r8) qs(1)
real(r8) gam(1) ! (L/cp)*dqs/dT
real(r8) qsat_arg
real(r8) xsrc, xmean, xtop, xbot, xflx(0:mkx)
real(r8) tmp1, tmp2
!----- Some diagnostic internal output variables
real(r8) ufrcinvbase_out(mix) ! Cumulus updraft fraction at the PBL top [ fraction ]
real(r8) ufrclcl_out(mix) ! Cumulus updraft fraction at the LCL ( or PBL top when LCL is below PBL top ) [ fraction ]
real(r8) winvbase_out(mix) ! Cumulus updraft velocity at the PBL top [ m/s ]
real(r8) wlcl_out(mix) ! Cumulus updraft velocity at the LCL ( or PBL top when LCL is below PBL top ) [ m/s ]
real(r8) plcl_out(mix) ! LCL of source air [ Pa ]
real(r8) pinv_out(mix) ! PBL top pressure [ Pa ]
real(r8) plfc_out(mix) ! LFC of source air [ Pa ]
real(r8) pbup_out(mix) ! Highest interface level of positive buoyancy [ Pa ]
real(r8) ppen_out(mix) ! Highest interface evel where Cu w = 0 [ Pa ]
real(r8) qtsrc_out(mix) ! Sourse air qt [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) thlsrc_out(mix) ! Sourse air thl [ K ]
real(r8) thvlsrc_out(mix) ! Sourse air thvl [ K ]
real(r8) emfkbup_out(mix) ! Penetrative downward mass flux at 'kbup' interface [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) cinlclh_out(mix) ! Convective INhibition upto LCL (CIN) [ J/kg = m2/s2 ]
real(r8) tkeavg_out(mix) ! Average tke over the PBL [ m2/s2 ]
real(r8) cbmflimit_out(mix) ! Cloud base mass flux limiter [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) zinv_out(mix) ! PBL top height [ m ]
real(r8) rcwp_out(mix) ! Layer mean Cumulus LWP+IWP [ kg/m2 ]
real(r8) rlwp_out(mix) ! Layer mean Cumulus LWP [ kg/m2 ]
real(r8) riwp_out(mix) ! Layer mean Cumulus IWP [ kg/m2 ]
real(r8) wu_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft vertical velocity ( defined from the release level to 'kpen-1' interface )
real(r8) qtu_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft qt [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) thlu_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft thl [ K ]
real(r8) thvu_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft thv [ K ]
real(r8) uu_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft zonal wind [ m/s ]
real(r8) vu_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Updraft meridional wind [ m/s ]
real(r8) qtu_emf_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Penetratively entrained qt [ kg/kg ]
real(r8) thlu_emf_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Penetratively entrained thl [ K ]
real(r8) uu_emf_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Penetratively entrained u [ m/s ]
real(r8) vu_emf_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Penetratively entrained v [ m/s ]
real(r8) uemf_out(mix,0:mkx) ! Net upward mass flux including penetrative entrainment (umf+emf) [ kg/m2/s ]
real(r8) tru_out(mix,0:mkx,ncnst) ! Updraft tracers [ #, kg/kg ]
real(r8) tru_emf_out(mix,0:mkx,ncnst) ! Penetratively entrained tracers [ #, kg/kg ]
real(r8) wu_s(0:mkx) ! Same as above but for implicit CIN
real(r8) qtu_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) thlu_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) thvu_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) uu_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) vu_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) qtu_emf_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) thlu_emf_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) uu_emf_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) vu_emf_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) uemf_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) tru_s(0:mkx,ncnst)
real(r8) tru_emf_s(0:mkx,ncnst)
real(r8) dwten_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) diten_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) flxrain_out(mix,0:mkx)
real(r8) flxsnow_out(mix,0:mkx)
real(r8) ntraprd_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) ntsnprd_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) dwten_s(mkx)
real(r8) diten_s(mkx)
real(r8) flxrain_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) flxsnow_s(0:mkx)
real(r8) ntraprd_s(mkx)
real(r8) ntsnprd_s(mkx)
real(r8) excessu_arr_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) excessu_arr(mkx)
real(r8) excessu_arr_s(mkx)
real(r8) excess0_arr_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) excess0_arr(mkx)
real(r8) excess0_arr_s(mkx)
real(r8) xc_arr_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) xc_arr(mkx)
real(r8) xc_arr_s(mkx)
real(r8) aquad_arr_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) aquad_arr(mkx)
real(r8) aquad_arr_s(mkx)
real(r8) bquad_arr_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) bquad_arr(mkx)
real(r8) bquad_arr_s(mkx)
real(r8) cquad_arr_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) cquad_arr(mkx)
real(r8) cquad_arr_s(mkx)
real(r8) bogbot_arr_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) bogbot_arr(mkx)
real(r8) bogbot_arr_s(mkx)
real(r8) bogtop_arr_out(mix,mkx)
real(r8) bogtop_arr(mkx)
real(r8) bogtop_arr_s(mkx)
real(r8) exit_UWCu(mix)
real(r8) exit_conden(mix)
real(r8) exit_klclmkx(mix)
real(r8) exit_klfcmkx(mix)
real(r8) exit_ufrc(mix)
real(r8) exit_wtw(mix)
real(r8) exit_drycore(mix)
real(r8) exit_wu(mix)
real(r8) exit_cufilter(mix)
real(r8) exit_kinv1(mix)
real(r8) exit_rei(mix)
real(r8) limit_shcu(mix)
real(r8) limit_negcon(mix)
real(r8) limit_ufrc(mix)
real(r8) limit_ppen(mix)
real(r8) limit_emf(mix)
real(r8) limit_cinlcl(mix)
real(r8) limit_cin(mix)
real(r8) limit_cbmf(mix)
real(r8) limit_rei(mix)
real(r8) ind_delcin(mix)
real(r8) :: ufrcinvbase_s, ufrclcl_s, winvbase_s, wlcl_s, plcl_s, pinv_s, plfc_s, &
qtsrc_s, thlsrc_s, thvlsrc_s, emfkbup_s, cinlcl_s, pbup_s, ppen_s, cbmflimit_s, &
tkeavg_s, zinv_s, rcwp_s, rlwp_s, riwp_s
real(r8) :: ufrcinvbase, winvbase, pinv, zinv, emfkbup, cbmflimit, rho0rel
!----- Variables for implicit CIN computation
real(r8), dimension(mkx) :: qv0_s , ql0_s , qi0_s , s0_s , u0_s , &
v0_s , t0_s , qt0_s , thl0_s , thvl0_s , qvten_s , &
qlten_s, qiten_s , qrten_s , qsten_s , sten_s , evapc_s , &
uten_s , vten_s , cufrc_s , qcu_s , qlu_s , qiu_s , &
fer_s , fdr_s , qc_s , qtten_s , slten_s
real(r8), dimension(0:mkx) :: umf_s , slflx_s , qtflx_s , ufrc_s , uflx_s , vflx_s
real(r8) :: cush_s , precip_s, snow_s , cin_s , rliq_s, cbmf_s, cnt_s, cnb_s
real(r8) :: cin_i,cin_f,del_CIN,ke,alpha,thlj
real(r8) :: cinlcl_i,cinlcl_f,del_cinlcl
integer :: iter
real(r8), dimension(mkx,ncnst) :: tr0_s, trten_s
real(r8), dimension(0:mkx,ncnst) :: trflx_s
!----- Variables for temporary storages
real(r8), dimension(mkx) :: qv0_o, ql0_o, qi0_o, t0_o, s0_o, u0_o, v0_o
real(r8), dimension(mkx) :: qt0_o , thl0_o , thvl0_o , &
qvten_o , qlten_o , qiten_o , qrten_o , qsten_o , &
sten_o , uten_o , vten_o , qcu_o , qlu_o , &
qiu_o , cufrc_o , evapc_o , &
thv0bot_o, thv0top_o, thvl0bot_o, thvl0top_o, &
ssthl0_o , ssqt0_o , ssu0_o , ssv0_o , qc_o , &
qtten_o , slten_o
real(r8), dimension(0:mkx) :: umf_o , slflx_o , qtflx_o , ufrc_o
real(r8), dimension(mix) :: cush_o , precip_o , snow_o , rliq_o, cbmf_o, cnt_o, cnb_o
real(r8), dimension(0:mkx) :: uflx_o , vflx_o
real(r8) :: tkeavg_o , thvlmin_o, qtsrc_o , thvlsrc_o, thlsrc_o , &
usrc_o , vsrc_o , plcl_o , plfc_o , &
thv0lcl_o, cinlcl_o
integer :: kinv_o , klcl_o , klfc_o
real(r8), dimension(mkx,ncnst) :: tr0_o
real(r8), dimension(mkx,ncnst) :: trten_o, sstr0_o
real(r8), dimension(0:mkx,ncnst) :: trflx_o
real(r8), dimension(ncnst) :: trsrc_o
integer :: ixnumliq, ixnumice
! ------------------ !
! !
! Define Parameters !
! !
! ------------------ !
! ------------------------ !
! Iterative xc calculation !
! ------------------------ !
integer , parameter :: niter_xc = 2
! ----------------------------------------------------------- !
! Choice of 'CIN = cin' (.true.) or 'CIN = cinlcl' (.false.). !
! ----------------------------------------------------------- !
logical , parameter :: use_CINcin = .true.
! --------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Choice of 'explicit' ( 1 ) or 'implicit' ( 2 ) CIN. !
! !
! When choose 'CIN = cinlcl' above, it is recommended not to use !
! implicit CIN, i.e., do 'NOT' choose simultaneously : !
! [ 'use_CINcin=.false. & 'iter_cin=2' ] !
! since 'cinlcl' will be always set to zero whenever LCL is below !
! the PBL top interface in the current code. So, averaging cinlcl !
! of two iter_cin steps is likely not so good. Except that, all !
! the other combinations of 'use_CINcin' & 'iter_cin' are OK. !
! !
! Feb 2007, Bundy: Note that use_CINcin = .false. will try to use !
! a variable (del_cinlcl) that is not currently set !
! !
! --------------------------------------------------------------- !
integer , parameter :: iter_cin = 2
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Choice of 'self-detrainment' by negative buoyancy in calculating !
! cumulus updraft mass flux at the top interface in each layer. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
logical , parameter :: use_self_detrain = .false.
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
! Cumulus momentum flux : turn-on (.true.) or off (.false.) !
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
logical , parameter :: use_momenflx = .true.
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Penetrative Entrainment : Cumulative ( .true. , original ) or Non-Cumulative ( .false. ) !
! This option ( .false. ) is designed to reduce the sensitivity to the vertical resolution. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
logical , parameter :: use_cumpenent = .true.
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Computation of the grid-mean condensate tendency. !
! use_expconten = .true. : explcitly compute tendency by condensate detrainment and compensating subsidence !
! use_expconten = .false. : use the original proportional condensate tendency equation. ( original ) !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
logical , parameter :: use_expconten = .true.
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Treatment of reserved condensate !
! use_unicondet = .true. : detrain condensate uniformly over the environment ( original ) !
! use_unicondet = .false. : detrain condensate into the pre-existing stratus !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
logical , parameter :: use_unicondet = .false.
! ----------------------- !
! For lateral entrainment !
! ----------------------- !
parameter (rle = 0.1_r8) ! For critical stopping distance for lateral entrainment [no unit]
! parameter (rkm = 16.0_r8) ! Determine the amount of air that is involved in buoyancy-sorting [no unit]
parameter (rkm = 14.0_r8) ! Determine the amount of air that is involved in buoyancy-sorting [no unit]
parameter (rkfre = 1.0_r8) ! Vertical velocity variance as fraction of tke.
parameter (rmaxfrac = 0.10_r8) ! Maximum allowable 'core' updraft fraction
parameter (mumin1 = 0.906_r8) ! Normalized CIN ('mu') corresponding to 'rmaxfrac' at the PBL top
! obtaind by inverting 'rmaxfrac = 0.5*erfc(mumin1)'.
! [ rmaxfrac:mumin1 ] = [ 0.05:1.163, 0.075:1.018, 0.1:0.906, 0.15:0.733, 0.2:0.595, 0.25:0.477 ]
parameter (rbuoy = 1.0_r8) ! For nonhydrostatic pressure effects on updraft [no unit]
parameter (rdrag = 1.0_r8) ! Drag coefficient [no unit]
parameter (epsvarw = 5.e-4_r8) ! Variance of w at PBL top by meso-scale component [m2/s2]
parameter (PGFc = 0.7_r8) ! This is used for calculating vertical variations cumulus
! 'u' & 'v' by horizontal PGF during upward motion [no unit]
! ---------------------------------------- !
! Bulk microphysics controlling parameters !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! criqc : Maximum condensate that can be hold by cumulus updraft [kg/kg] !
! frc_rasn : Fraction of precipitable condensate in the expelled cloud water !
! from cumulus updraft. The remaining fraction ('1-frc_rasn') is !
! 'suspended condensate'. !
! 0 : all expelled condensate is 'suspended condensate' !
! 1 : all expelled condensate is 'precipitable condensate' !
! kevp : Evaporative efficiency !
! noevap_krelkpen : No evaporation from 'krel' to 'kpen' layers !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
parameter ( criqc = 0.7e-3_r8 )
parameter ( frc_rasn = 1.0_r8 )
parameter ( kevp = 2.e-6_r8 )
logical, parameter :: noevap_krelkpen = .false.
!------------------------!
! !
! Start Main Calculation !
! !
!------------------------!
call cnst_get_ind( 'NUMLIQ', ixnumliq )
call cnst_get_ind( 'NUMICE', ixnumice )
! ------------------------------------------------------- !
! Initialize output variables defined for all grid points !
! ------------------------------------------------------- !
umf_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
slflx_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qtflx_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
flxprc1_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
flxsnow1_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qvten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qlten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qiten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
sten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qrten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qsten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
precip_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
snow_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
evapc_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
cufrc_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qcu_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qlu_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qiu_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
fer_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
fdr_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
cinh_out(:iend) = -1.0_r8
cinlclh_out(:iend) = -1.0_r8
cbmf_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
qc_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
rliq_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
cnt_out(:iend) = real(mkx, r8)
cnb_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
qtten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
slten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
ufrc_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uflx_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vflx_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
trten_out(:iend,:mkx,:ncnst) = 0.0_r8
trflx_out(:iend,0:mkx,:ncnst)= 0.0_r8
ufrcinvbase_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
ufrclcl_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
winvbase_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
wlcl_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
plcl_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
pinv_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
plfc_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
pbup_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
ppen_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
qtsrc_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
thlsrc_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
thvlsrc_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
emfkbup_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
cbmflimit_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
tkeavg_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
zinv_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
rcwp_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
rlwp_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
riwp_out(:iend) = 0.0_r8
wu_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qtu_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
thlu_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
thvu_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uu_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vu_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qtu_emf_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
thlu_emf_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uu_emf_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vu_emf_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uemf_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
tru_out(:iend,0:mkx,:ncnst) = 0.0_r8
tru_emf_out(:iend,0:mkx,:ncnst) = 0.0_r8
dwten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
diten_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
flxrain_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
flxsnow_out(:iend,0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
ntraprd_out(:iend,mkx) = 0.0_r8
ntsnprd_out(:iend,mkx) = 0.0_r8
excessu_arr_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
excess0_arr_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
xc_arr_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
aquad_arr_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
bquad_arr_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
cquad_arr_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
bogbot_arr_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
bogtop_arr_out(:iend,:mkx) = 0.0_r8
exit_UWCu(:iend) = 0.0_r8
exit_conden(:iend) = 0.0_r8
exit_klclmkx(:iend) = 0.0_r8
exit_klfcmkx(:iend) = 0.0_r8
exit_ufrc(:iend) = 0.0_r8
exit_wtw(:iend) = 0.0_r8
exit_drycore(:iend) = 0.0_r8
exit_wu(:iend) = 0.0_r8
exit_cufilter(:iend) = 0.0_r8
exit_kinv1(:iend) = 0.0_r8
exit_rei(:iend) = 0.0_r8
limit_shcu(:iend) = 0.0_r8
limit_negcon(:iend) = 0.0_r8
limit_ufrc(:iend) = 0.0_r8
limit_ppen(:iend) = 0.0_r8
limit_emf(:iend) = 0.0_r8
limit_cinlcl(:iend) = 0.0_r8
limit_cin(:iend) = 0.0_r8
limit_cbmf(:iend) = 0.0_r8
limit_rei(:iend) = 0.0_r8
ind_delcin(:iend) = 0.0_r8
!--------------------------------------------------------------!
! !
! Start the column i loop where i is a horozontal column index !
! !
!--------------------------------------------------------------!
! Compute wet-bulb temperature and specific humidity
! for treating evaporation of precipitation.
call findsp( lchnk, iend, qv0_in, t0_in, p0_in, tw0_in, qw0_in )
do i = 1, iend
id_exit = .false.
! -------------------------------------------- !
! Define 1D input variables at each grid point !
! -------------------------------------------- !
ps0(0:mkx) = ps0_in(i,0:mkx)
zs0(0:mkx) = zs0_in(i,0:mkx)
p0(:mkx) = p0_in(i,:mkx)
z0(:mkx) = z0_in(i,:mkx)
dp0(:mkx) = dp0_in(i,:mkx)
dpdry0(:mkx) = dpdry0_in(i,:mkx)
u0(:mkx) = u0_in(i,:mkx)
v0(:mkx) = v0_in(i,:mkx)
qv0(:mkx) = qv0_in(i,:mkx)
ql0(:mkx) = ql0_in(i,:mkx)
qi0(:mkx) = qi0_in(i,:mkx)
t0(:mkx) = t0_in(i,:mkx)
s0(:mkx) = s0_in(i,:mkx)
tke(0:mkx) = tke_in(i,0:mkx)
cldfrct(:mkx) = cldfrct_in(i,:mkx)
concldfrct(:mkx) = concldfrct_in(i,:mkx)
pblh = pblh_in(i)
cush = cush_inout(i)
do m = 1, ncnst
tr0(:mkx,m) = tr0_in(i,:mkx,m)
enddo
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
! Compute other basic thermodynamic variables directly from !
! the input variables at each grid point !
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
!----- 1. Compute internal environmental variables
exn0(:mkx) = (p0(:mkx)/p00)**rovcp
exns0(0:mkx) = (ps0(0:mkx)/p00)**rovcp
qt0(:mkx) = (qv0(:mkx) + ql0(:mkx) + qi0(:mkx))
thl0(:mkx) = (t0(:mkx) - xlv*ql0(:mkx)/cp - xls*qi0(:mkx)/cp)/exn0(:mkx)
thvl0(:mkx) = (1._r8 + zvir*qt0(:mkx))*thl0(:mkx)
!----- 2. Compute slopes of environmental variables in each layer
! Dimension of ssthl0(:mkx) is implicit.
ssthl0 = slope(mkx,thl0,p0)
ssqt0 = slope(mkx,qt0 ,p0)
ssu0 = slope(mkx,u0 ,p0)
ssv0 = slope(mkx,v0 ,p0)
do m = 1, ncnst
sstr0(:mkx,m) = slope(mkx,tr0(:mkx,m),p0)
enddo
!----- 3. Compute "thv0" and "thvl0" at the top/bottom interfaces in each layer
! There are computed from the reconstructed thl, qt at the top/bottom.
do k = 1, mkx
thl0bot = thl0(k) + ssthl0(k)*(ps0(k-1) - p0(k))
qt0bot = qt0(k) + ssqt0(k) *(ps0(k-1) - p0(k))
call conden(ps0(k-1),thl0bot,qt0bot,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thv0bot(k) = thj*(1._r8 + zvir*qvj - qlj - qij)
thvl0bot(k) = thl0bot*(1._r8 + zvir*qt0bot)
thl0top = thl0(k) + ssthl0(k)*(ps0(k) - p0(k))
qt0top = qt0(k) + ssqt0(k) *(ps0(k) - p0(k))
call conden(ps0(k),thl0top,qt0top,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thv0top(k) = thj*(1._r8 + zvir*qvj - qlj - qij)
thvl0top(k) = thl0top*(1._r8 + zvir*qt0top)
end do
! ------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Save input and related environmental thermodynamic variables !
! for use at "iter_cin=2" when "del_CIN >= 0" !
! ------------------------------------------------------------ !
qv0_o(:mkx) = qv0(:mkx)
ql0_o(:mkx) = ql0(:mkx)
qi0_o(:mkx) = qi0(:mkx)
t0_o(:mkx) = t0(:mkx)
s0_o(:mkx) = s0(:mkx)
u0_o(:mkx) = u0(:mkx)
v0_o(:mkx) = v0(:mkx)
qt0_o(:mkx) = qt0(:mkx)
thl0_o(:mkx) = thl0(:mkx)
thvl0_o(:mkx) = thvl0(:mkx)
ssthl0_o(:mkx) = ssthl0(:mkx)
ssqt0_o(:mkx) = ssqt0(:mkx)
thv0bot_o(:mkx) = thv0bot(:mkx)
thv0top_o(:mkx) = thv0top(:mkx)
thvl0bot_o(:mkx) = thvl0bot(:mkx)
thvl0top_o(:mkx) = thvl0top(:mkx)
ssu0_o(:mkx) = ssu0(:mkx)
ssv0_o(:mkx) = ssv0(:mkx)
do m = 1, ncnst
tr0_o(:mkx,m) = tr0(:mkx,m)
sstr0_o(:mkx,m) = sstr0(:mkx,m)
enddo
! ---------------------------------------------- !
! Initialize output variables at each grid point !
! ---------------------------------------------- !
umf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
emf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
slflx(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qtflx(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uflx(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vflx(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qvten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qlten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qiten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
sten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qrten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qsten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
dwten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
diten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
precip = 0.0_r8
snow = 0.0_r8
evapc(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
cufrc(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qcu(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qlu(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qiu(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
fer(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
fdr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
cin = 0.0_r8
cbmf = 0.0_r8
qc(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qc_l(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qc_i(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
rliq = 0.0_r8
cnt = real(mkx, r8)
cnb = 0.0_r8
qtten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
slten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
ufrc(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
thlu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qtu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
wu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
thvu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
thlu_emf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qtu_emf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uu_emf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vu_emf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
ufrcinvbase = 0.0_r8
ufrclcl = 0.0_r8
winvbase = 0.0_r8
wlcl = 0.0_r8
emfkbup = 0.0_r8
cbmflimit = 0.0_r8
excessu_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
excess0_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
xc_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
aquad_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
bquad_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
cquad_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
bogbot_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
bogtop_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uemf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
comsub(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qlten_sink(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qiten_sink(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
nlten_sink(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
niten_sink(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
do m = 1, ncnst
trflx(0:mkx,m) = 0.0_r8
trten(:mkx,m) = 0.0_r8
tru(0:mkx,m) = 0.0_r8
tru_emf(0:mkx,m) = 0.0_r8
enddo
!-----------------------------------------------!
! Below 'iter' loop is for implicit CIN closure !
!-----------------------------------------------!
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! It is important to note that this iterative cin loop is located at the outest !
! shell of the code. Thus, source air properties can also be changed during the !
! iterative cin calculation, because cumulus convection induces non-zero fluxes !
! even at interfaces below PBL top height through 'fluxbelowinv' subroutine. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
do iter = 1, iter_cin
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Cumulus scale height !
! In contrast to the premitive code, cumulus scale height is iteratively !
! calculated at each time step, and at each iterative cin step. !
! It is not clear whether I should locate below two lines within or out !
! of the iterative cin loop. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !
tscaleh = cush
cush = -1._r8
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Find PBL top height interface index, 'kinv-1' where 'kinv' is the layer !
! index with PBLH in it. When PBLH is exactly at interface, 'kinv' is the !
! layer index having PBLH as a lower interface. !
! In the previous code, I set the lower limit of 'kinv' by 2 in order to !
! be consistent with the other parts of the code. However in the modified !
! code, I allowed 'kinv' to be 1 & if 'kinv = 1', I just exit the program !
! without performing cumulus convection. This new approach seems to be !
! more reasonable: if PBL height is within 'kinv=1' layer, surface is STL !
! interface (bflxs <= 0) and interface just above the surface should be !
! either non-turbulent (Ri>0.19) or stably turbulent (0<=Ri<0.19 but this !
! interface is identified as a base external interface of upperlying CL. !
! Thus, when 'kinv=1', PBL scheme guarantees 'bflxs <= 0'. For this case !
! it is reasonable to assume that cumulus convection does not happen. !
! When these is SBCL, PBL height from the PBL scheme is likely to be very !
! close at 'kinv-1' interface, but not exactly, since 'zi' information is !
! changed between two model time steps. In order to ensure correct identi !
! fication of 'kinv' for general case including SBCL, I imposed an offset !
! of 5 [m] in the below 'kinv' finding block. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
do k = mkx - 1, 1, -1
if( (pblh + 5._r8 - zs0(k))*(pblh + 5._r8 - zs0(k+1)) .lt. 0._r8 ) then
kinv = k + 1
go to 15
endif
end do
kinv = 1
15 continue
if( kinv .le. 1 ) then
exit_kinv1(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
endif
! From here, it must be 'kinv >= 2'.
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Find PBL averaged tke ('tkeavg') and minimum 'thvl' ('thvlmin') in the PBL !
! In the current code, 'tkeavg' is obtained by averaging all interfacial TKE !
! within the PBL. However, in order to be conceptually consistent with PBL !
! scheme, 'tkeavg' should be calculated by considering surface buoyancy flux.!
! If surface buoyancy flux is positive ( bflxs >0 ), surface interfacial TKE !
! should be included in calculating 'tkeavg', while if bflxs <= 0, surface !
! interfacial TKE should not be included in calculating 'tkeavg'. I should !
! modify the code when 'bflxs' is available as an input of cumulus scheme. !
! 'thvlmin' is a minimum 'thvl' within PBL obtained by comparing top & base !
! interface values of 'thvl' in each layers within the PBL. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
dpsum = 0._r8
tkeavg = 0._r8
thvlmin = 1000._r8
do k = 0, kinv - 1 ! Here, 'k' is an interfacial layer index.
if( k .eq. 0 ) then
dpi = ps0(0) - p0(1)
elseif( k .eq. (kinv-1) ) then
dpi = p0(kinv-1) - ps0(kinv-1)
else
dpi = p0(k) - p0(k+1)
endif
dpsum = dpsum + dpi
tkeavg = tkeavg + dpi*tke(k)
if( k .ne. 0 ) thvlmin = min(thvlmin,min(thvl0bot(k),thvl0top(k)))
end do
tkeavg = tkeavg/dpsum
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Find characteristics of cumulus source air: qtsrc,thlsrc,usrc,vsrc !
! Note that 'thlsrc' was con-cocked using 'thvlsrc' and 'qtsrc'. !
! 'qtsrc' is defined as the lowest layer mid-point value; 'thlsrc' !
! is from 'qtsrc' and 'thvlmin=thvlsrc'; 'usrc' & 'vsrc' are defined !
! as the values just below the PBL top interface. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
qtsrc = qt0(1)
thvlsrc = thvlmin
thlsrc = thvlsrc / ( 1._r8 + zvir * qtsrc )
usrc = u0(kinv-1) + ssu0(kinv-1) * ( ps0(kinv-1) - p0(kinv-1) )
vsrc = v0(kinv-1) + ssv0(kinv-1) * ( ps0(kinv-1) - p0(kinv-1) )
do m = 1, ncnst
trsrc(m) = tr0(1,m)
enddo
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Find LCL of the source air and a layer index containing LCL (klcl) !
! When the LCL is exactly at the interface, 'klcl' is a layer index !
! having 'plcl' as the lower interface similar to the 'kinv' case. !
! In the previous code, I assumed that if LCL is located within the !
! lowest model layer ( 1 ) or the top model layer ( mkx ), then no !
! convective adjustment is performed and just exited. However, in !
! the revised code, I relaxed the first constraint and even though !
! LCL is at the lowest model layer, I allowed cumulus convection to !
! be initiated. For this case, cumulus convection should be started !
! from the PBL top height, as shown in the following code. !
! When source air is already saturated even at the surface, klcl is !
! set to 1. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
plcl = qsinvert(qtsrc,thlsrc,ps0(0),qsat)
do k = 0, mkx
if( ps0(k) .lt. plcl ) then
klcl = k
go to 25
endif
end do
klcl = mkx
25 continue
klcl = max(1,klcl)
if( plcl .lt. 30000._r8 ) then
! if( klcl .eq. mkx ) then
exit_klclmkx(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
endif
! ------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate environmental virtual potential temperature at LCL, !
!'thv0lcl' which is solely used in the 'cin' calculation. Note !
! that 'thv0lcl' is calculated first by calculating 'thl0lcl' !
! and 'qt0lcl' at the LCL, and performing 'conden' afterward, !
! in fully consistent with the other parts of the code. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------- !
thl0lcl = thl0(klcl) + ssthl0(klcl) * ( plcl - p0(klcl) )
qt0lcl = qt0(klcl) + ssqt0(klcl) * ( plcl - p0(klcl) )
call conden(plcl,thl0lcl,qt0lcl,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thv0lcl = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir * qvj - qlj - qij )
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Compute Convective Inhibition, 'cin' & 'cinlcl' [J/kg]=[m2/s2] TKE unit. !
! !
! 'cin' (cinlcl) is computed from the PBL top interface to LFC (LCL) using !
! piecewisely reconstructed environmental profiles, assuming environmental !
! buoyancy profile within each layer ( or from LCL to upper interface in !
! each layer ) is simply a linear profile. For the purpose of cin (cinlcl) !
! calculation, we simply assume that lateral entrainment does not occur in !
! updrafting cumulus plume, i.e., cumulus source air property is conserved.!
! Below explains some rules used in the calculations of cin (cinlcl). In !
! general, both 'cin' and 'cinlcl' are calculated from a PBL top interface !
! to LCL and LFC, respectively : !
! 1. If LCL is lower than the PBL height, cinlcl = 0 and cin is calculated !
! from PBL height to LFC. !
! 2. If LCL is higher than PBL height, 'cinlcl' is calculated by summing !
! both positive and negative cloud buoyancy up to LCL using 'single_cin'!
! From the LCL to LFC, however, only negative cloud buoyancy is counted !
! to calculate final 'cin' upto LFC. !
! 3. If either 'cin' or 'cinlcl' is negative, they are set to be zero. !
! In the below code, 'klfc' is the layer index containing 'LFC' similar to !
! 'kinv' and 'klcl'. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
cin = 0._r8
cinlcl = 0._r8
plfc = 0._r8
klfc = mkx
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Case 1. LCL height is higher than PBL interface ( 'pLCL <= ps0(kinv-1)' ) !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( klcl .ge. kinv ) then
do k = kinv, mkx - 1
if( k .lt. klcl ) then
thvubot = thvlsrc
thvutop = thvlsrc
cin = cin + single_cin(ps0(k-1),thv0bot(k),ps0(k),thv0top(k),thvubot,thvutop)
elseif( k .eq. klcl ) then
!----- Bottom to LCL
thvubot = thvlsrc
thvutop = thvlsrc
cin = cin + single_cin(ps0(k-1),thv0bot(k),plcl,thv0lcl,thvubot,thvutop)
if( cin .lt. 0._r8 ) limit_cinlcl(i) = 1._r8
cinlcl = max(cin,0._r8)
cin = cinlcl
!----- LCL to Top
thvubot = thvlsrc
call conden(ps0(k),thlsrc,qtsrc,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thvutop = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir*qvj - qlj - qij )
call getbuoy(plcl,thv0lcl,ps0(k),thv0top(k),thvubot,thvutop,plfc,cin)
if( plfc .gt. 0._r8 ) then
klfc = k
go to 35
end if
else
thvubot = thvutop
call conden(ps0(k),thlsrc,qtsrc,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thvutop = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir*qvj - qlj - qij )
call getbuoy(ps0(k-1),thv0bot(k),ps0(k),thv0top(k),thvubot,thvutop,plfc,cin)
if( plfc .gt. 0._r8 ) then
klfc = k
go to 35
end if
endif
end do
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Case 2. LCL height is lower than PBL interface ( 'pLCL > ps0(kinv-1)' ) !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
else
cinlcl = 0._r8
do k = kinv, mkx - 1
call conden(ps0(k-1),thlsrc,qtsrc,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thvubot = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir*qvj - qlj - qij )
call conden(ps0(k),thlsrc,qtsrc,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thvutop = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir*qvj - qlj - qij )
call getbuoy(ps0(k-1),thv0bot(k),ps0(k),thv0top(k),thvubot,thvutop,plfc,cin)
if( plfc .gt. 0._r8 ) then
klfc = k
go to 35
end if
end do
endif ! End of CIN case selection
35 continue
if( cin .lt. 0._r8 ) limit_cin(i) = 1._r8
cin = max(0._r8,cin)
if( klfc .ge. mkx ) then
klfc = mkx
! write(iulog,*) 'klfc >= mkx'
exit_klfcmkx(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
endif
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! In order to calculate implicit 'cin' (or 'cinlcl'), save the initially !
! calculated 'cin' and 'cinlcl', and other related variables. These will !
! be restored after calculating implicit CIN. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( iter .eq. 1 ) then
cin_i = cin
cinlcl_i = cinlcl
ke = rbuoy / ( rkfre * tkeavg + epsvarw )
kinv_o = kinv
klcl_o = klcl
klfc_o = klfc
plcl_o = plcl
plfc_o = plfc
tkeavg_o = tkeavg
thvlmin_o = thvlmin
qtsrc_o = qtsrc
thvlsrc_o = thvlsrc
thlsrc_o = thlsrc
usrc_o = usrc
vsrc_o = vsrc
thv0lcl_o = thv0lcl
do m = 1, ncnst
trsrc_o(m) = trsrc(m)
enddo
endif
! Modification : If I impose w = max(0.1_r8, w) up to the top interface of
! klfc, I should only use cinlfc. That is, if I want to
! use cinlcl, I should not impose w = max(0.1_r8, w).
! Using cinlcl is equivalent to treating only 'saturated'
! moist convection. Note that in this sense, I should keep
! the functionality of both cinlfc and cinlcl.
! However, the treatment of penetrative entrainment level becomes
! ambiguous if I choose 'cinlcl'. Thus, the best option is to use
! 'cinlfc'.
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate implicit 'cin' by averaging initial and final cins. Note that !
! implicit CIN is adopted only when cumulus convection stabilized the system,!
! i.e., only when 'del_CIN >0'. If 'del_CIN<=0', just use explicit CIN. Note !
! also that since 'cinlcl' is set to zero whenever LCL is below the PBL top, !
! (see above CIN calculation part), the use of 'implicit CIN=cinlcl' is not !
! good. Thus, when using implicit CIN, always try to only use 'implicit CIN= !
! cin', not 'implicit CIN=cinlcl'. However, both 'CIN=cin' and 'CIN=cinlcl' !
! are good when using explicit CIN. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( iter .ne. 1 ) then
cin_f = cin
cinlcl_f = cinlcl
if( use_CINcin ) then
del_CIN = cin_f - cin_i
else
del_CIN = cinlcl_f - cinlcl_i
endif
if( del_CIN .gt. 0._r8 ) then
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate implicit 'cin' and 'cinlcl'. Note that when we chose !
! to use 'implicit CIN = cin', choose 'cinlcl = cinlcl_i' below: !
! because iterative CIN only aims to obtain implicit CIN, once !
! we obtained 'implicit CIN=cin', it is good to use the original !
! profiles information for all the other variables after that. !
! Note 'cinlcl' will be explicitly used in calculating 'wlcl' & !
! 'ufrclcl' after calculating 'winv' & 'ufrcinv' at the PBL top !
! interface later, after calculating 'cbmf'. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
alpha = compute_alpha( del_CIN, ke )
cin = cin_i + alpha * del_CIN
if( use_CINcin ) then
cinlcl = cinlcl_i
else
cinlcl = cinlcl_i + alpha * del_cinlcl
endif
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Restore the original values from the previous 'iter_cin' step (1) !
! to compute correct tendencies for (n+1) time step by implicit CIN !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
kinv = kinv_o
klcl = klcl_o
klfc = klfc_o
plcl = plcl_o
plfc = plfc_o
tkeavg = tkeavg_o
thvlmin = thvlmin_o
qtsrc = qtsrc_o
thvlsrc = thvlsrc_o
thlsrc = thlsrc_o
usrc = usrc_o
vsrc = vsrc_o
thv0lcl = thv0lcl_o
do m = 1, ncnst
trsrc(m) = trsrc_o(m)
enddo
qv0(:mkx) = qv0_o(:mkx)
ql0(:mkx) = ql0_o(:mkx)
qi0(:mkx) = qi0_o(:mkx)
t0(:mkx) = t0_o(:mkx)
s0(:mkx) = s0_o(:mkx)
u0(:mkx) = u0_o(:mkx)
v0(:mkx) = v0_o(:mkx)
qt0(:mkx) = qt0_o(:mkx)
thl0(:mkx) = thl0_o(:mkx)
thvl0(:mkx) = thvl0_o(:mkx)
ssthl0(:mkx) = ssthl0_o(:mkx)
ssqt0(:mkx) = ssqt0_o(:mkx)
thv0bot(:mkx) = thv0bot_o(:mkx)
thv0top(:mkx) = thv0top_o(:mkx)
thvl0bot(:mkx) = thvl0bot_o(:mkx)
thvl0top(:mkx) = thvl0top_o(:mkx)
ssu0(:mkx) = ssu0_o(:mkx)
ssv0(:mkx) = ssv0_o(:mkx)
do m = 1, ncnst
tr0(:mkx,m) = tr0_o(:mkx,m)
sstr0(:mkx,m) = sstr0_o(:mkx,m)
enddo
! ------------------------------------------------------ !
! Initialize all fluxes, tendencies, and other variables !
! in association with cumulus convection. !
! ------------------------------------------------------ !
umf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
emf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
slflx(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qtflx(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uflx(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vflx(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qvten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qlten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qiten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
sten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qrten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qsten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
dwten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
diten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
precip = 0.0_r8
snow = 0.0_r8
evapc(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
cufrc(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qcu(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qlu(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qiu(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
fer(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
fdr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qc(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qc_l(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qc_i(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
rliq = 0.0_r8
cbmf = 0.0_r8
cnt = real(mkx, r8)
cnb = 0.0_r8
qtten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
slten(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
ufrc(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
thlu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qtu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
wu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
thvu(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
thlu_emf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
qtu_emf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
uu_emf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
vu_emf(0:mkx) = 0.0_r8
do m = 1, ncnst
trflx(0:mkx,m) = 0.0_r8
trten(:mkx,m) = 0.0_r8
tru(0:mkx,m) = 0.0_r8
tru_emf(0:mkx,m) = 0.0_r8
enddo
! -------------------------------------------------- !
! Below are diagnostic output variables for detailed !
! analysis of cumulus scheme. !
! -------------------------------------------------- !
ufrcinvbase = 0.0_r8
ufrclcl = 0.0_r8
winvbase = 0.0_r8
wlcl = 0.0_r8
emfkbup = 0.0_r8
cbmflimit = 0.0_r8
excessu_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
excess0_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
xc_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
aquad_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
bquad_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
cquad_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
bogbot_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
bogtop_arr(:mkx) = 0.0_r8
else ! When 'del_CIN < 0', use explicit CIN instead of implicit CIN.
! ----------------------------------------------------------- !
! Identifier showing whether explicit or implicit CIN is used !
! ----------------------------------------------------------- !
ind_delcin(i) = 1._r8
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
! Restore original output values of "iter_cin = 1" and exit !
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
umf_out(i,0:mkx) = umf_s(0:mkx)
qvten_out(i,:mkx) = qvten_s(:mkx)
qlten_out(i,:mkx) = qlten_s(:mkx)
qiten_out(i,:mkx) = qiten_s(:mkx)
sten_out(i,:mkx) = sten_s(:mkx)
uten_out(i,:mkx) = uten_s(:mkx)
vten_out(i,:mkx) = vten_s(:mkx)
qrten_out(i,:mkx) = qrten_s(:mkx)
qsten_out(i,:mkx) = qsten_s(:mkx)
precip_out(i) = precip_s
snow_out(i) = snow_s
evapc_out(i,:mkx) = evapc_s(:mkx)
cush_inout(i) = cush_s
cufrc_out(i,:mkx) = cufrc_s(:mkx)
slflx_out(i,0:mkx) = slflx_s(0:mkx)
qtflx_out(i,0:mkx) = qtflx_s(0:mkx)
qcu_out(i,:mkx) = qcu_s(:mkx)
qlu_out(i,:mkx) = qlu_s(:mkx)
qiu_out(i,:mkx) = qiu_s(:mkx)
cbmf_out(i) = cbmf_s
qc_out(i,:mkx) = qc_s(:mkx)
rliq_out(i) = rliq_s
cnt_out(i) = cnt_s
cnb_out(i) = cnb_s
do m = 1, ncnst
trten_out(i,:mkx,m) = trten_s(:mkx,m)
enddo
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Below are diagnostic output variables for detailed analysis of cumulus scheme. !
! The order of vertical index is reversed for this internal diagnostic output. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
fer_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = fer_s(:mkx)
fdr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = fdr_s(:mkx)
cinh_out(i) = cin_s
cinlclh_out(i) = cinlcl_s
qtten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = qtten_s(:mkx)
slten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = slten_s(:mkx)
ufrc_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = ufrc_s(0:mkx)
uflx_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = uflx_s(0:mkx)
vflx_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = vflx_s(0:mkx)
ufrcinvbase_out(i) = ufrcinvbase_s
ufrclcl_out(i) = ufrclcl_s
winvbase_out(i) = winvbase_s
wlcl_out(i) = wlcl_s
plcl_out(i) = plcl_s
pinv_out(i) = pinv_s
plfc_out(i) = plfc_s
pbup_out(i) = pbup_s
ppen_out(i) = ppen_s
qtsrc_out(i) = qtsrc_s
thlsrc_out(i) = thlsrc_s
thvlsrc_out(i) = thvlsrc_s
emfkbup_out(i) = emfkbup_s
cbmflimit_out(i) = cbmflimit_s
tkeavg_out(i) = tkeavg_s
zinv_out(i) = zinv_s
rcwp_out(i) = rcwp_s
rlwp_out(i) = rlwp_s
riwp_out(i) = riwp_s
wu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = wu_s(0:mkx)
qtu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = qtu_s(0:mkx)
thlu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = thlu_s(0:mkx)
thvu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = thvu_s(0:mkx)
uu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = uu_s(0:mkx)
vu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = vu_s(0:mkx)
qtu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = qtu_emf_s(0:mkx)
thlu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = thlu_emf_s(0:mkx)
uu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = uu_emf_s(0:mkx)
vu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = vu_emf_s(0:mkx)
uemf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = uemf_s(0:mkx)
dwten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = dwten_s(:mkx)
diten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = diten_s(:mkx)
flxrain_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = flxrain_s(0:mkx)
flxsnow_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = flxsnow_s(0:mkx)
ntraprd_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = ntraprd_s(:mkx)
ntsnprd_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = ntsnprd_s(:mkx)
excessu_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = excessu_arr_s(:mkx)
excess0_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = excess0_arr_s(:mkx)
xc_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = xc_arr_s(:mkx)
aquad_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = aquad_arr_s(:mkx)
bquad_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = bquad_arr_s(:mkx)
cquad_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = cquad_arr_s(:mkx)
bogbot_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = bogbot_arr_s(:mkx)
bogtop_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = bogtop_arr_s(:mkx)
do m = 1, ncnst
trflx_out(i,mkx:0:-1,m) = trflx_s(0:mkx,m)
tru_out(i,mkx:0:-1,m) = tru_s(0:mkx,m)
tru_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1,m) = tru_emf_s(0:mkx,m)
enddo
id_exit = .false.
go to 333
endif
endif
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Define a release level, 'prel' and release layer, 'krel'. !
! 'prel' is the lowest level from which buoyancy sorting occurs, and !
! 'krel' is the layer index containing 'prel' in it, similar to the !
! previous definitions of 'kinv', 'klcl', and 'klfc'. In order to !
! ensure that only PBL scheme works within the PBL, if LCL is below !
! PBL top height, then 'krel = kinv', while if LCL is above PBL top !
! height, then 'krel = klcl'. Note however that regardless of the !
! definition of 'krel', cumulus convection induces fluxes within PBL !
! through 'fluxbelowinv'. We can make cumulus convection start from !
! any level, even within the PBL by appropriately defining 'krel' & !
! 'prel' here. Then it must be accompanied by appropriate definition !
! of source air properties, CIN, and re-setting of 'fluxbelowinv', & !
! many other stuffs. !
! Note that even when 'prel' is located above the PBL top height, we !
! still have cumulus convection between PBL top height and 'prel': !
! we simply assume that no lateral mixing occurs in this range. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
if( klcl .lt. kinv ) then
krel = kinv
prel = ps0(krel-1)
thv0rel = thv0bot(krel)
else
krel = klcl
prel = plcl
thv0rel = thv0lcl
endif
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate cumulus base mass flux ('cbmf'), fractional area ('ufrcinv'), and !
! and mean vertical velocity (winv) of cumulus updraft at PBL top interface. !
! Also, calculate updraft fractional area (ufrclcl) and vertical velocity at !
! the LCL (wlcl). When LCL is below PBLH, cinlcl = 0 and 'ufrclcl = ufrcinv', !
! and 'wlcl = winv. !
! Only updrafts strong enough to overcome CIN can rise over PBL top interface.!
! Thus, in order to calculate cumulus mass flux at PBL top interface, 'cbmf',!
! we need to know 'CIN' ( the strength of potential energy barrier ) and !
! 'sigmaw' ( a standard deviation of updraft vertical velocity at the PBL top !
! interface, a measure of turbulentce strength in the PBL ). Naturally, the !
! ratio of these two variables, 'mu' - normalized CIN by TKE- is key variable !
! controlling 'cbmf'. If 'mu' becomes large, only small fraction of updrafts !
! with very strong TKE can rise over the PBL - both 'cbmf' and 'ufrc' becomes !
! small, but 'winv' becomes large ( this can be easily understood by PDF of w !
! at PBL top ). If 'mu' becomes small, lots of updraft can rise over the PBL !
! top - both 'cbmf' and 'ufrc' becomes large, but 'winv' becomes small. Thus, !
! all of the key variables associated with cumulus convection at the PBL top !
! - 'cbmf', 'ufrc', 'winv' where 'cbmf = rho*ufrc*winv' - are a unique functi !
! ons of 'mu', normalized CIN. Although these are uniquely determined by 'mu',!
! we usually impose two comstraints on 'cbmf' and 'ufrc': (1) because we will !
! simply assume that subsidence warming and drying of 'kinv-1' layer in assoc !
! iation with 'cbmf' at PBL top interface is confined only in 'kinv-1' layer, !
! cbmf must not be larger than the mass within the 'kinv-1' layer. Otherwise, !
! instability will occur due to the breaking of stability con. If we consider !
! semi-Lagrangian vertical advection scheme and explicitly consider the exten !
! t of vertical movement of each layer in association with cumulus mass flux, !
! we don't need to impose this constraint. However, using a semi-Lagrangian !
! scheme is a future research subject. Note that this constraint should be ap !
! plied for all interfaces above PBL top as well as PBL top interface. As a !
! result, this 'cbmf' constraint impose a 'lower' limit on mu - 'mumin0'. (2) !
! in order for mass flux parameterization - rho*(w'a')= M*(a_c-a_e) - to be !
! valid, cumulus updraft fractional area should be much smaller than 1. In !
! current code, we impose 'rmaxfrac = 0.1 ~ 0.2' through the whole vertical !
! layers where cumulus convection occurs. At the PBL top interface, the same !
! constraint is made by imposing another lower 'lower' limit on mu, 'mumin1'. !
! After that, also limit 'ufrclcl' to be smaller than 'rmaxfrac' by 'mumin2'. !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate normalized CIN, 'mu' satisfying all the three constraints imposed !
! on 'cbmf'('mumin0'), 'ufrc' at the PBL top - 'ufrcinv' - ( by 'mumin1' from !
! a parameter sentence), and 'ufrc' at the LCL - 'ufrclcl' ( by 'mumin2'). !
! Note that 'cbmf' does not change between PBL top and LCL because we assume !
! that buoyancy sorting does not occur when cumulus updraft is unsaturated. !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( use_CINcin ) then
wcrit = sqrt( 2._r8 * cin * rbuoy )
else
wcrit = sqrt( 2._r8 * cinlcl * rbuoy )
endif
sigmaw = sqrt( rkfre * tkeavg + epsvarw )
mu = wcrit/sigmaw/1.4142_r8
if( mu .ge. 3._r8 ) then
! write(iulog,*) 'mu >= 3'
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
endif
rho0inv = ps0(kinv-1)/(r*thv0top(kinv-1)*exns0(kinv-1))
cbmf = (rho0inv*sigmaw/2.5066_r8)*exp(-mu**2)
! 1. 'cbmf' constraint
cbmflimit = 0.9_r8*dp0(kinv-1)/g/dt
mumin0 = 0._r8
if( cbmf .gt. cbmflimit ) mumin0 = sqrt(-log(2.5066_r8*cbmflimit/rho0inv/sigmaw))
! 2. 'ufrcinv' constraint
mu = max(max(mu,mumin0),mumin1)
! 3. 'ufrclcl' constraint
mulcl = sqrt(2._r8*cinlcl*rbuoy)/1.4142_r8/sigmaw
mulclstar = sqrt(max(0._r8,2._r8*(exp(-mu**2)/2.5066_r8)**2*(1._r8/erfc(mu)**2-0.25_r8/rmaxfrac**2)))
if( mulcl .gt. 1.e-8_r8 .and. mulcl .gt. mulclstar ) then
mumin2 = compute_mumin2(mulcl,rmaxfrac,mu)
if( mu .gt. mumin2 ) then
write(iulog,*) 'Critical error in mu calculation in UW_ShCu'
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
call endrun
endif
mu = max(mu,mumin2)
if( mu .eq. mumin2 ) limit_ufrc(i) = 1._r8
endif
if( mu .eq. mumin0 ) limit_cbmf(i) = 1._r8
if( mu .eq. mumin1 ) limit_ufrc(i) = 1._r8
! ------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate final ['cbmf','ufrcinv','winv'] at the PBL top interface. !
! Note that final 'cbmf' here is obtained in such that 'ufrcinv' and !
! 'ufrclcl' are smaller than ufrcmax with no instability. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------- !
cbmf = (rho0inv*sigmaw/2.5066_r8)*exp(-mu**2)
winv = sigmaw*(2._r8/2.5066_r8)*exp(-mu**2)/erfc(mu)
ufrcinv = cbmf/winv/rho0inv
! ------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate ['ufrclcl','wlcl'] at the LCL. When LCL is below PBL top, !
! it automatically becomes 'ufrclcl = ufrcinv' & 'wlcl = winv', since !
! it was already set to 'cinlcl=0' if LCL is below PBL top interface. !
! Note 'cbmf' at the PBL top is the same as 'cbmf' at the LCL. Note !
! also that final 'cbmf' here is obtained in such that 'ufrcinv' and !
! 'ufrclcl' are smaller than ufrcmax and there is no instability. !
! By construction, it must be 'wlcl > 0' but for assurance, I checked !
! this again in the below block. If 'ufrclcl < 0.1%', just exit. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------- !
wtw = winv * winv - 2._r8 * cinlcl * rbuoy
if( wtw .le. 0._r8 ) then
! write(iulog,*) 'wlcl < 0 at the LCL'
exit_wtw(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
endif
wlcl = sqrt(wtw)
ufrclcl = cbmf/wlcl/rho0inv
wrel = wlcl
if( ufrclcl .le. 0.0001_r8 ) then
! write(iulog,*) 'ufrclcl <= 0.0001'
exit_ufrc(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
endif
ufrc(krel-1) = ufrclcl
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Below is just diagnostic output for detailed analysis of cumulus scheme !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
ufrcinvbase = ufrcinv
winvbase = winv
umf(kinv-1:krel-1) = cbmf
wu(kinv-1:krel-1) = winv
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Define updraft properties at the level where buoyancy sorting starts to be !
! happening, i.e., by definition, at 'prel' level within the release layer. !
! Because no lateral entrainment occurs upto 'prel', conservative scalars of !
! cumulus updraft at release level is same as those of source air. However, !
! horizontal momentums of source air are modified by horizontal PGF forcings !
! from PBL top interface to 'prel'. For this case, we should add additional !
! horizontal momentum from PBL top interface to 'prel' as will be done below !
! to 'usrc' and 'vsrc'. Note that below cumulus updraft properties - umf, wu,!
! thlu, qtu, thvu, uu, vu - are defined all interfaces not at the layer mid- !
! point. From the index notation of cumulus scheme, wu(k) is the cumulus up- !
! draft vertical velocity at the top interface of k layer. !
! Diabatic horizontal momentum forcing should be treated as a kind of 'body' !
! forcing without actual mass exchange between convective updraft and !
! environment, but still taking horizontal momentum from the environment to !
! the convective updrafts. Thus, diabatic convective momentum transport !
! vertically redistributes environmental horizontal momentum. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
emf(krel-1) = 0._r8
umf(krel-1) = cbmf
wu(krel-1) = wrel
thlu(krel-1) = thlsrc
qtu(krel-1) = qtsrc
call conden(prel,thlsrc,qtsrc,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
endif
thvu(krel-1) = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir*qvj - qlj - qij )
uplus = 0._r8
vplus = 0._r8
if( krel .eq. kinv ) then
uplus = PGFc * ssu0(kinv) * ( prel - ps0(kinv-1) )
vplus = PGFc * ssv0(kinv) * ( prel - ps0(kinv-1) )
else
do k = kinv, max(krel-1,kinv)
uplus = uplus + PGFc * ssu0(k) * ( ps0(k) - ps0(k-1) )
vplus = vplus + PGFc * ssv0(k) * ( ps0(k) - ps0(k-1) )
end do
uplus = uplus + PGFc * ssu0(krel) * ( prel - ps0(krel-1) )
vplus = vplus + PGFc * ssv0(krel) * ( prel - ps0(krel-1) )
end if
uu(krel-1) = usrc + uplus
vu(krel-1) = vsrc + vplus
do m = 1, ncnst
tru(krel-1,m) = trsrc(m)
enddo
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Define environmental properties at the level where buoyancy sorting occurs !
! ('pe', normally, layer midpoint except in the 'krel' layer). In the 'krel' !
! layer where buoyancy sorting starts to occur, however, 'pe' is defined !
! differently because LCL is regarded as lower interface for mixing purpose. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
pe = 0.5_r8 * ( prel + ps0(krel) )
dpe = prel - ps0(krel)
exne = exnf(pe)
thvebot = thv0rel
thle = thl0(krel) + ssthl0(krel) * ( pe - p0(krel) )
qte = qt0(krel) + ssqt0(krel) * ( pe - p0(krel) )
ue = u0(krel) + ssu0(krel) * ( pe - p0(krel) )
ve = v0(krel) + ssv0(krel) * ( pe - p0(krel) )
do m = 1, ncnst
tre(m) = tr0(krel,m) + sstr0(krel,m) * ( pe - p0(krel) )
enddo
!-------------------------!
! Buoyancy-Sorting Mixing !
!-------------------------!------------------------------------------------ !
! !
! In order to complete buoyancy-sorting mixing at layer mid-point, and so !
! calculate 'updraft mass flux, updraft w velocity, conservative scalars' !
! at the upper interface of each layer, we need following 3 information. !
! !
! 1. Pressure where mixing occurs ('pe'), and temperature at 'pe' which is !
! necessary to calculate various thermodynamic coefficients at pe. This !
! temperature is obtained by undiluted cumulus properties lifted to pe. !
! 2. Undiluted updraft properties at pe - conservative scalar and vertical !
! velocity -which are assumed to be the same as the properties at lower !
! interface only for calculation of fractional lateral entrainment and !
! detrainment rate ( fer(k) and fdr(k) [Pa-1] ), respectively. Final !
! values of cumulus conservative scalars and w at the top interface are !
! calculated afterward after obtaining fer(k) & fdr(k). !
! 3. Environmental properties at pe. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Define cumulus scale height. !
! Cumulus scale height is defined as the maximum height cumulus can reach. !
! In case of premitive code, cumulus scale height ('cush') at the current !
! time step was assumed to be the same as 'cush' of previous time step. !
! However, I directly calculated cush at each time step using an iterative !
! method. Note that within the cumulus scheme, 'cush' information is used !
! only at two places during buoyancy-sorting process: !
! (1) Even negatively buoyancy mixtures with strong vertical velocity !
! enough to rise up to 'rle*scaleh' (rle = 0.1) from pe are entrained !
! into cumulus updraft, !
! (2) The amount of mass that is involved in buoyancy-sorting mixing !
! process at pe is rei(k) = rkm/scaleh/rho*g [Pa-1] !
! In terms of (1), I think critical stopping distance might be replaced by !
! layer thickness. In future, we will use rei(k) = (0.5*rkm/z0(k)/rho/g). !
! In the premitive code, 'scaleh' was largely responsible for the jumping !
! variation of precipitation amount. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
scaleh = tscaleh
if( tscaleh .lt. 0.0_r8 ) scaleh = 1000._r8
! Save time : Set iter_scaleh = 1. This will automatically use 'cush' from the previous time step
! at the first implicit iteration. At the second implicit iteration, it will use
! the updated 'cush' by the first implicit cin. So, this updating has an effect of
! doing one iteration for cush calculation, which is good.
! So, only this setting of 'iter_scaleh = 1' is sufficient-enough to save computation time.
! OK
do iter_scaleh = 1, 3
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Initialization of 'kbup' and 'kpen' !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
! 'kbup' is the top-most layer in which cloud buoyancy is positive !
! both at the top and bottom interface of the layer. 'kpen' is the !
! layer upto which cumulus panetrates ,i.e., cumulus w at the base !
! interface is positive, but becomes negative at the top interface.!
! Here, we initialize 'kbup' and 'kpen'. These initializations are !
! not trivial but important, expecially in calculating turbulent !
! fluxes without confliction among several physics as explained in !
! detail in the part of turbulent fluxes calculation later. Note !
! that regardless of whether 'kbup' and 'kpen' are updated or not !
! during updraft motion, penetrative entrainments are dumped down !
! across the top interface of 'kbup' later. More specifically,!
! penetrative entrainment heat and moisture fluxes are calculated !
! from the top interface of 'kbup' layer to the base interface of !
! 'kpen' layer. Because of this, initialization of 'kbup' & 'kpen' !
! influence the convection system when there are not updated. The !
! below initialization of 'kbup = krel' assures that penetrative !
! entrainment fluxes always occur at interfaces above the PBL top !
! interfaces (i.e., only at interfaces k >=kinv ), which seems to !
! be attractable considering that the most correct fluxes at the !
! PBL top interface can be ontained from the 'fluxbelowinv' using !
! reconstructed PBL height. !
! The 'kbup = krel'(after going through the whole buoyancy sorting !
! proces during updraft motion) implies that cumulus updraft from !
! the PBL top interface can not reach to the LFC,so that 'kbup' is !
! not updated during upward. This means that cumulus updraft did !
! not fully overcome the buoyancy barrier above just the PBL top. !
! If 'kpen' is not updated either ( i.e., cumulus cannot rise over !
! the top interface of release layer),penetrative entrainment will !
! not happen at any interfaces. If cumulus updraft can rise above !
! the release layer but cannot fully overcome the buoyancy barrier !
! just above PBL top interface, penetratve entrainment occurs at !
! several above interfaces, including the top interface of release !
! layer. In the latter case, warming and drying tendencies will be !
! be initiated in 'krel' layer. Note current choice of 'kbup=krel' !
! is completely compatible with other flux physics without double !
! or miss counting turbulent fluxes at any interface. However, the !
! alternative choice of 'kbup=krel-1' also has itw own advantage - !
! when cumulus updraft cannot overcome buoyancy barrier just above !
! PBL top, entrainment warming and drying are concentrated in the !
! 'kinv-1' layer instead of 'kinv' layer for this case. This might !
! seems to be more dynamically reasonable, but I will choose the !
! 'kbup = krel' choice since it is more compatible with the other !
! parts of the code, expecially, when we chose ' use_emf=.false. ' !
! as explained in detail in turbulent flux calculation part. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
kbup = krel
kpen = krel
! ------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Since 'wtw' is continuously updated during vertical motion, !
! I need below initialization command within this 'iter_scaleh'!
! do loop. Similarily, I need initializations of environmental !
! properties at 'krel' layer as below. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------ !
wtw = wlcl * wlcl
pe = 0.5_r8 * ( prel + ps0(krel) )
dpe = prel - ps0(krel)
exne = exnf(pe)
thvebot = thv0rel
thle = thl0(krel) + ssthl0(krel) * ( pe - p0(krel) )
qte = qt0(krel) + ssqt0(krel) * ( pe - p0(krel) )
ue = u0(krel) + ssu0(krel) * ( pe - p0(krel) )
ve = v0(krel) + ssv0(krel) * ( pe - p0(krel) )
do m = 1, ncnst
tre(m) = tr0(krel,m) + sstr0(krel,m) * ( pe - p0(krel) )
enddo
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Cumulus rises upward from 'prel' ( or base interface of 'krel' layer ) !
! until updraft vertical velocity becomes zero. !
! Buoyancy sorting is performed via two stages. (1) Using cumulus updraft !
! properties at the base interface of each layer,perform buoyancy sorting !
! at the layer mid-point, 'pe', and update cumulus properties at the top !
! interface, and then (2) by averaging updated cumulus properties at the !
! top interface and cumulus properties at the base interface, calculate !
! cumulus updraft properties at pe that will be used in buoyancy sorting !
! mixing - thlue, qtue and, wue. Using this averaged properties, perform !
! buoyancy sorting again at pe, and re-calculate fer(k) and fdr(k). Using !
! this recalculated fer(k) and fdr(k), finally calculate cumulus updraft !
! properties at the top interface - thlu, qtu, thvu, uu, vu. In the below,!
! 'iter_xc = 1' performs the first stage, while 'iter_xc= 2' performs the !
! second stage. We can increase the number of iterations, 'nter_xc'.as we !
! want, but a sample test indicated that about 3 - 5 iterations produced !
! satisfactory converent solution. Finally, identify 'kbup' and 'kpen'. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
do k = krel, mkx - 1 ! Here, 'k' is a layer index.
km1 = k - 1
thlue = thlu(km1)
qtue = qtu(km1)
wue = wu(km1)
wtwb = wtw
do iter_xc = 1, niter_xc
wtw = wu(km1) * wu(km1)
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate environmental and cumulus saturation 'excess' at 'pe'. !
! Note that in order to calculate saturation excess, we should use !
! liquid water temperature instead of temperature as the argument !
! of "qsat". But note normal argument of "qsat" is temperature. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
call conden(pe,thle,qte,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thv0j = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir*qvj - qlj - qij )
rho0j = pe / ( r * thv0j * exne )
qsat_arg = thle*exne
status = qsat(qsat_arg,pe,es(1),qs(1),gam(1),1)
excess0 = qte - qs(1)
call conden(pe,thlue,qtue,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Detrain excessive condensate larger than 'criqc' from the cumulus !
! updraft before performing buoyancy sorting. All I should to do is !
! to update 'thlue' & 'que' here. Below modification is completely !
! compatible with the other part of the code since 'thule' & 'qtue' !
! are used only for buoyancy sorting. I found that as long as I use !
! 'niter_xc >= 2', detraining excessive condensate before buoyancy !
! sorting has negligible influence on the buoyancy sorting results. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( (qlj + qij) .gt. criqc ) then
exql = ( ( qlj + qij ) - criqc ) * qlj / ( qlj + qij )
exqi = ( ( qlj + qij ) - criqc ) * qij / ( qlj + qij )
qtue = qtue - exql - exqi
thlue = thlue + (xlv/cp/exne)*exql + (xls/cp/exne)*exqi
endif
call conden(pe,thlue,qtue,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thvj = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir * qvj - qlj - qij )
tj = thj * exne ! This 'tj' is used for computing thermo. coeffs. below
qsat_arg = thlue*exne
status = qsat(qsat_arg,pe,es(1),qs(1),gam(1),1)
excessu = qtue - qs(1)
! ------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate critical mixing fraction, 'xc'. Mixture with mixing ratio !
! smaller than 'xc' will be entrained into cumulus updraft. Both the !
! saturated updrafts with 'positive buoyancy' or 'negative buoyancy + !
! strong vertical velocity enough to rise certain threshold distance' !
! are kept into the updraft in the below program. If the core updraft !
! is unsaturated, we can set 'xc = 0' and let the cumulus convection !
! still works or we may exit. !
! Current below code does not entrain unsaturated mixture. However it !
! should be modified such that it also entrain unsaturated mixture. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
! cridis : Critical stopping distance for buoyancy sorting purpose. !
! scaleh is only used here. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
cridis = rle*scaleh ! Original code
! cridis = 1._r8*(zs0(k) - zs0(k-1)) ! New code
! ---------------- !
! Buoyancy Sorting !
! ---------------- !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Case 1 : When both cumulus and env. are unsaturated or saturated. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( ( excessu .le. 0._r8 .and. excess0 .le. 0._r8 ) .or. ( excessu .ge. 0._r8 .and. excess0 .ge. 0._r8 ) ) then
xc = min(1._r8,max(0._r8,1._r8-2._r8*rbuoy*g*cridis/wue**2._r8*(1._r8-thvj/thv0j)))
! Below 3 lines are diagnostic output not influencing
! numerical calculations.
aquad = 0._r8
bquad = 0._r8
cquad = 0._r8
else
! -------------------------------------------------- !
! Case 2 : When either cumulus or env. is saturated. !
! -------------------------------------------------- !
xsat = excessu / ( excessu - excess0 );
thlxsat = thlue + xsat * ( thle - thlue );
qtxsat = qtue + xsat * ( qte - qtue );
call conden(pe,thlxsat,qtxsat,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thvxsat = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir * qvj - qlj - qij )
! -------------------------------------------------- !
! kk=1 : Cumulus Segment, kk=2 : Environment Segment !
! -------------------------------------------------- !
do kk = 1, 2
if( kk .eq. 1 ) then
thv_x0 = thvj;
thv_x1 = ( 1._r8 - 1._r8/xsat ) * thvj + ( 1._r8/xsat ) * thvxsat;
else
thv_x1 = thv0j;
thv_x0 = ( xsat / ( xsat - 1._r8 ) ) * thv0j + ( 1._r8/( 1._r8 - xsat ) ) * thvxsat;
endif
aquad = wue**2;
bquad = 2._r8*rbuoy*g*cridis*(thv_x1 - thv_x0)/thv0j - 2._r8*wue**2;
cquad = 2._r8*rbuoy*g*cridis*(thv_x0 - thv0j)/thv0j + wue**2;
if( kk .eq. 1 ) then
if( ( bquad**2-4._r8*aquad*cquad ) .ge. 0._r8 ) then
call roots(aquad,bquad,cquad,xs1,xs2,status)
x_cu = min(1._r8,max(0._r8,min(xsat,min(xs1,xs2))))
else
x_cu = xsat;
endif
else
if( ( bquad**2-4._r8*aquad*cquad) .ge. 0._r8 ) then
call roots(aquad,bquad,cquad,xs1,xs2,status)
x_en = min(1._r8,max(0._r8,max(xsat,min(xs1,xs2))))
else
x_en = 1._r8;
endif
endif
enddo
if( x_cu .eq. xsat ) then
xc = max(x_cu, x_en);
else
xc = x_cu;
endif
endif
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Compute fractional lateral entrainment & detrainment rate in each layers.!
! The unit of rei(k), fer(k), and fdr(k) is [Pa-1]. Alternative choice of !
! 'rei(k)' is also shown below, where coefficient 0.5 was from approximate !
! tuning against the BOMEX case. !
! In order to prevent the onset of instability in association with cumulus !
! induced subsidence advection, cumulus mass flux at the top interface in !
! any layer should be smaller than ( 90% of ) total mass within that layer.!
! I imposed limits on 'rei(k)' as below, in such that stability condition !
! is always satisfied. !
! Below limiter of 'rei(k)' becomes negative for some cases, causing error.!
! So, for the time being, I came back to the original limiter. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
ee2 = xc**2
ud2 = 1._r8 - 2._r8*xc + xc**2
! rei(k) = ( rkm / scaleh / g / rho0j ) ! Default.
rei(k) = ( 0.5_r8 * rkm / z0(k) / g /rho0j ) ! Alternative.
if( xc .gt. 0.5_r8 ) rei(k) = min(rei(k),0.9_r8*log(dp0(k)/g/dt/umf(km1) + 1._r8)/dpe/(2._r8*xc-1._r8))
fer(k) = rei(k) * ee2
fdr(k) = rei(k) * ud2
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Iteration Start due to 'maxufrc' constraint [ ****************************** ] !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate cumulus updraft mass flux and penetrative entrainment mass flux. !
! Note that non-zero penetrative entrainment mass flux will be asigned only !
! to interfaces from the top interface of 'kbup' layer to the base interface !
! of 'kpen' layer as will be shown later. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
umf(k) = umf(km1) * exp( dpe * ( fer(k) - fdr(k) ) )
emf(k) = 0._r8
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
! Compute cumulus updraft properties at the top interface. !
! Also use Tayler expansion in order to treat limiting case !
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
if( fer(k)*dpe .lt. 1.e-4_r8 ) then
thlu(k) = thlu(km1) + ( thle + ssthl0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 - thlu(km1) ) * fer(k) * dpe
qtu(k) = qtu(km1) + ( qte + ssqt0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 - qtu(km1) ) * fer(k) * dpe
uu(k) = uu(km1) + ( ue + ssu0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 - uu(km1) ) * fer(k) * dpe - PGFc * ssu0(k) * dpe
vu(k) = vu(km1) + ( ve + ssv0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 - vu(km1) ) * fer(k) * dpe - PGFc * ssv0(k) * dpe
do m = 1, ncnst
tru(k,m) = tru(km1,m) + ( tre(m) + sstr0(k,m) * dpe / 2._r8 - tru(km1,m) ) * fer(k) * dpe
enddo
else
thlu(k) = ( thle + ssthl0(k) / fer(k) - ssthl0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 ) - &
( thle + ssthl0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 - thlu(km1) + ssthl0(k) / fer(k) ) * exp(-fer(k) * dpe)
qtu(k) = ( qte + ssqt0(k) / fer(k) - ssqt0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 ) - &
( qte + ssqt0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 - qtu(km1) + ssqt0(k) / fer(k) ) * exp(-fer(k) * dpe)
uu(k) = ( ue + ( 1._r8 - PGFc ) * ssu0(k) / fer(k) - ssu0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 ) - &
( ue + ssu0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 - uu(km1) + ( 1._r8 - PGFc ) * ssu0(k) / fer(k) ) * exp(-fer(k) * dpe)
vu(k) = ( ve + ( 1._r8 - PGFc ) * ssv0(k) / fer(k) - ssv0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 ) - &
( ve + ssv0(k) * dpe / 2._r8 - vu(km1) + ( 1._r8 - PGFc ) * ssv0(k) / fer(k) ) * exp(-fer(k) * dpe)
do m = 1, ncnst
tru(k,m) = ( tre(m) + sstr0(k,m) / fer(k) - sstr0(k,m) * dpe / 2._r8 ) - &
( tre(m) + sstr0(k,m) * dpe / 2._r8 - tru(km1,m) + sstr0(k,m) / fer(k) ) * exp(-fer(k) * dpe)
enddo
end if
!------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Expel some of cloud water and ice from cumulus updraft at the top !
! interface. Note that this is not 'detrainment' term but a 'sink' !
! term of cumulus updraft qt ( or one part of 'source' term of mean !
! environmental qt ). At this stage, as the most simplest choice, if !
! condensate amount within cumulus updraft is larger than a critical !
! value, 'criqc', expels the surplus condensate from cumulus updraft !
! to the environment. A certain fraction ( e.g., 'frc_sus' ) of this !
! expelled condesnate will be in a form that can be suspended in the !
! layer k where it was formed, while the other fraction, '1-frc_sus' !
! will be in a form of precipitatble (e.g.,can potentially fall down !
! across the base interface of layer k ). In turn we should describe !
! subsequent falling of precipitable condensate ('1-frc_sus') across !
! the base interface of the layer k, & evaporation of precipitating !
! water in the below layer k-1 and associated evaporative cooling of !
! the later, k-1, and falling of 'non-evaporated precipitating water !
! ( which was initially formed in layer k ) and a newly-formed preci !
! pitable water in the layer, k-1', across the base interface of the !
! lower layer k-1. Cloud microphysics should correctly describe all !
! of these process. In a near future, I should significantly modify !
! this cloud microphysics, including precipitation-induced downdraft !
! also. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
call conden(ps0(k),thlu(k),qtu(k),thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
if( (qlj + qij) .gt. criqc ) then
exql = ( ( qlj + qij ) - criqc ) * qlj / ( qlj + qij )
exqi = ( ( qlj + qij ) - criqc ) * qij / ( qlj + qij )
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
! It is very important to re-update 'qtu' and 'thlu' at the upper !
! interface after expelling condensate from cumulus updraft at the !
! top interface of the layer. As mentioned above, this is a 'sink' !
! of cumulus qt (or equivalently, a 'source' of environmentasl qt),!
! not a regular convective'detrainment'. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
qtu(k) = qtu(k) - exql - exqi
thlu(k) = thlu(k) + (xlv/cp/exns0(k))*exql + (xls/cp/exns0(k))*exqi
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Expelled cloud condensate into the environment from the updraft. !
! After all the calculation later, 'dwten' and 'diten' will have a !
! unit of [ kg/kg/s ], because it is a tendency of qt. Restoration !
! of 'dwten' and 'diten' to this correct unit through multiplying !
! 'umf(k)*g/dp0(k)' will be performed later after finally updating !
! 'umf' using a 'rmaxfrac' constraint near the end of this updraft !
! buoyancy sorting loop. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
dwten(k) = exql
diten(k) = exqi
else
dwten(k) = 0._r8
diten(k) = 0._r8
endif
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Update 'thvu(k)' after detraining condensate from cumulus updraft.!
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
call conden(ps0(k),thlu(k),qtu(k),thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thvu(k) = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir * qvj - qlj - qij )
! ----------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate updraft vertical velocity at the upper interface. !
! In order to calculate 'wtw' at the upper interface, we use !
! 'wtw' at the lower interface. Note 'wtw' is continuously !
! updated as cumulus updraft rises. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------- !
bogbot = rbuoy * ( thvu(km1) / thvebot - 1._r8 ) ! Cloud buoyancy at base interface
bogtop = rbuoy * ( thvu(k) / thv0top(k) - 1._r8 ) ! Cloud buoyancy at top interface
delbog = bogtop - bogbot
drage = fer(k) * ( 1._r8 + rdrag )
expfac = exp(-2._r8*drage*dpe)
wtwb = wtw
if( drage*dpe .gt. 1.e-3_r8 ) then
wtw = wtw*expfac + (delbog + (1._r8-expfac)*(bogbot + delbog/(-2._r8*drage*dpe)))/(rho0j*drage)
else
wtw = wtw + dpe * ( bogbot + bogtop ) / rho0j
endif
! Force the plume rise at least to klfc of the undiluted plume.
! Because even the below is not complete, I decided not to include this.
! if( k .le. klfc ) then
! wtw = max( 1.e-2_r8, wtw )
! endif
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Repeat 'iter_xc' iteration loop until 'iter_xc = niter_xc'. !
! Also treat the case even when wtw < 0 at the 'kpen' interface. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( wtw .gt. 0._r8 ) then
thlue = 0.5_r8 * ( thlu(km1) + thlu(k) )
qtue = 0.5_r8 * ( qtu(km1) + qtu(k) )
wue = 0.5_r8 * sqrt( max( wtwb + wtw, 0._r8 ) )
else
go to 111
endif
enddo ! End of 'iter_xc' loop
111 continue
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Add the contribution of self-detrainment to vertical variations of cumulus !
! updraft mass flux. The reason why we are trying to include self-detrainment !
! is as follows. In current scheme, vertical variation of updraft mass flux !
! is not fully consistent with the vertical variation of updraft vertical w. !
! For example, within a given layer, let's assume that cumulus w is positive !
! at the base interface, while negative at the top interface. This means that !
! cumulus updraft cannot reach to the top interface of the layer. However, !
! cumulus updraft mass flux at the top interface is not zero according to the !
! vertical tendency equation of cumulus mass flux. Ideally, cumulus updraft !
! mass flux at the top interface should be zero for this case. In order to !
! assures that cumulus updraft mass flux goes to zero when cumulus updraft !
! vertical velocity goes to zero, we are imposing self-detrainment term as !
! below by considering layer-mean cloud buoyancy and cumulus updraft vertical !
! velocity square at the top interface. Use of auto-detrainment term will be !
! determined by setting 'use_self_detrain=.true.' in the parameter sentence. !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( use_self_detrain ) then
autodet = min( 0.5_r8*g*(bogbot+bogtop)/(max(wtw,0._r8)+1.e-4_r8), 0._r8 )
umf(k) = umf(k) * exp( 0.637_r8*(dpe/rho0j/g) * autodet )
end if
if( umf(k) .eq. 0._r8 ) wtw = -1._r8
! -------------------------------------- !
! Below block is just a dignostic output !
! -------------------------------------- !
excessu_arr(k) = excessu
excess0_arr(k) = excess0
xc_arr(k) = xc
aquad_arr(k) = aquad
bquad_arr(k) = bquad
cquad_arr(K) = cquad
bogbot_arr(k) = bogbot
bogtop_arr(k) = bogtop
! ------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! 'kbup' is the upper most layer in which cloud buoyancy is positive !
! both at the base and top interface. 'kpen' is the upper most layer !
! up to cumulus can reach. Usually, 'kpen' is located higher than the !
! 'kbup'. Note we initialized these by 'kbup = krel' & 'kpen = krel'. !
! As explained before, it is possible that only 'kpen' is updated, !
! while 'kbup' keeps its initialization value. For this case, current !
! scheme will simply turns-off penetrative entrainment fluxes and use !
! normal buoyancy-sorting fluxes for 'kbup <= k <= kpen-1' interfaces,!
! in order to describe shallow continental cumulus convection. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! if( bogbot .gt. 0._r8 .and. bogtop .gt. 0._r8 ) then
! if( bogtop .gt. 0._r8 ) then
if( bogtop .gt. 0._r8 .and. wtw .gt. 0._r8 ) then
kbup = k
end if
if( wtw .le. 0._r8 ) then
kpen = k
go to 45
end if
wu(k) = sqrt(wtw)
if( wu(k) .gt. 100._r8 ) then
exit_wu(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
endif
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Iteration end due to 'rmaxfrac' constraint [ ***************************** ] !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate updraft fractional area at the upper interface and set upper !
! limit to 'ufrc' by 'rmaxfrac'. In order to keep the consistency among !
! ['ufrc','umf','wu (or wtw)'], if ufrc is limited by 'rmaxfrac', either !
! 'umf' or 'wu' should be changed. Although both 'umf' and 'wu (wtw)' at !
! the current upper interface are used for updating 'umf' & 'wu' at the !
! next upper interface, 'umf' is a passive variable not influencing the !
! buoyancy sorting process in contrast to 'wtw'. This is a reason why we !
! adjusted 'umf' instead of 'wtw'. In turn we updated 'fdr' here instead !
! of 'fer', which guarantees that all previously updated thermodynamic !
! variables at the upper interface before applying 'rmaxfrac' constraint !
! are already internally consistent, even though 'ufrc' is limited by !
! 'rmaxfrac'. Thus, we don't need to go through interation loop again.If !
! If we update 'fer' however, we should go through above iteration loop. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !
rhos0j = ps0(k) / ( r * 0.5_r8 * ( thv0bot(k+1) + thv0top(k) ) * exns0(k) )
ufrc(k) = umf(k) / ( rhos0j * wu(k) )
if( ufrc(k) .gt. rmaxfrac ) then
limit_ufrc(i) = 1._r8
ufrc(k) = rmaxfrac
umf(k) = rmaxfrac * rhos0j * wu(k)
fdr(k) = fer(k) - log( umf(k) / umf(km1) ) / dpe
endif
! ------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Update environmental properties for at the mid-point of next !
! upper layer for use in buoyancy sorting. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------ !
pe = p0(k+1)
dpe = dp0(k+1)
exne = exn0(k+1)
thvebot = thv0bot(k+1)
thle = thl0(k+1)
qte = qt0(k+1)
ue = u0(k+1)
ve = v0(k+1)
do m = 1, ncnst
tre(m) = tr0(k+1,m)
enddo
end do ! End of cumulus updraft loop from the 'krel' layer to 'kpen' layer.
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Up to this point, we finished all of buoyancy sorting processes from the 'krel' !
! layer to 'kpen' layer: at the top interface of individual layers, we calculated !
! updraft and penetrative mass fluxes [ umf(k) & emf(k) = 0 ], updraft fractional !
! area [ ufrc(k) ], updraft vertical velocity [ wu(k) ], updraft thermodynamic !
! variables [thlu(k),qtu(k),uu(k),vu(k),thvu(k)]. In the layer,we also calculated !
! fractional entrainment-detrainment rate [ fer(k), fdr(k) ], and detrainment ten !
! dency of water and ice from cumulus updraft [ dwten(k), diten(k) ]. In addition,!
! we updated and identified 'krel' and 'kpen' layer index, if any. In the 'kpen' !
! layer, we calculated everything mentioned above except the 'wu(k)' and 'ufrc(k)'!
! since a real value of updraft vertical velocity is not defined at the kpen top !
! interface (note 'ufrc' at the top interface of layer is calculated from 'umf(k)'!
! and 'wu(k)'). As mentioned before, special treatment is required when 'kbup' is !
! not updated and so 'kbup = krel'. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! During the 'iter_scaleh' iteration loop, non-physical ( with non-zero values ) !
! values can remain in the variable arrays above (also 'including' in case of wu !
! and ufrc at the top interface) the 'kpen' layer. This can happen when the kpen !
! layer index identified from the 'iter_scaleh = 1' iteration loop is located at !
! above the kpen layer index identified from 'iter_scaleh = 3' iteration loop. !
! Thus, in the following calculations, we should only use the values in each !
! variables only up to finally identified 'kpen' layer & 'kpen' interface except !
! 'wu' and 'ufrc' at the top interface of 'kpen' layer. Note that in order to !
! prevent any problems due to these non-physical values, I re-initialized the !
! values of [ umf(kpen:mkx), emf(kpen:mkx), dwten(kpen+1:mkx), diten(kpen+1:mkx),!
! fer(kpen:mkx), fdr(kpen+1:mkx), ufrc(kpen:mkx) ] to be zero after 'iter_scaleh'!
! do loop. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
45 continue
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Calculate 'ppen( < 0 )', updarft penetrative distance from the lower interface !
! of 'kpen' layer. Note that bogbot & bogtop at the 'kpen' layer either when fer !
! is zero or non-zero was already calculated above. !
! It seems that below qudarature solving formula is valid only when bogbot < 0. !
! Below solving equation is clearly wrong ! I should revise this ! !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
if( drage .eq. 0._r8 ) then
aquad = ( bogtop - bogbot ) / ( ps0(kpen) - ps0(kpen-1) )
bquad = 2._r8 * bogbot
cquad = -wu(kpen-1)**2 * rho0j
call roots(aquad,bquad,cquad,xc1,xc2,status)
if( status .eq. 0 ) then
if( xc1 .le. 0._r8 .and. xc2 .le. 0._r8 ) then
ppen = max( xc1, xc2 )
ppen = min( 0._r8,max( -dp0(kpen), ppen ) )
elseif( xc1 .gt. 0._r8 .and. xc2 .gt. 0._r8 ) then
ppen = -dp0(kpen)
write(iulog,*) 'Warning : UW-Cumulus penetrates upto kpen interface'
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
else
ppen = min( xc1, xc2 )
ppen = min( 0._r8,max( -dp0(kpen), ppen ) )
endif
else
ppen = -dp0(kpen)
write(iulog,*) 'Warning : UW-Cumulus penetrates upto kpen interface'
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
endif
else
ppen = compute_ppen(wtwb,drage,bogbot,bogtop,rho0j,dp0(kpen))
endif
if( ppen .eq. -dp0(kpen) .or. ppen .eq. 0._r8 ) limit_ppen(i) = 1._r8
! -------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Re-calculate the amount of expelled condensate from cloud updraft !
! at the cumulus top. This is necessary for refined calculations of !
! bulk cloud microphysics at the cumulus top. Note that ppen < 0._r8 !
! In the below, I explicitly calculate 'thlu_top' & 'qtu_top' by !
! using non-zero 'fer(kpen)'. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( fer(kpen)*(-ppen) .lt. 1.e-4_r8 ) then
thlu_top = thlu(kpen-1) + ( thl0(kpen) + ssthl0(kpen) * (-ppen) / 2._r8 - thlu(kpen-1) ) * fer(kpen) * (-ppen)
qtu_top = qtu(kpen-1) + ( qt0(kpen) + ssqt0(kpen) * (-ppen) / 2._r8 - qtu(kpen-1) ) * fer(kpen) * (-ppen)
else
thlu_top = ( thl0(kpen) + ssthl0(kpen) / fer(kpen) - ssthl0(kpen) * (-ppen) / 2._r8 ) - &
( thl0(kpen) + ssthl0(kpen) * (-ppen) / 2._r8 - thlu(kpen-1) + ssthl0(kpen) / fer(kpen) ) * exp(-fer(kpen) * (-ppen))
qtu_top = ( qt0(kpen) + ssqt0(kpen) / fer(kpen) - ssqt0(kpen) * (-ppen) / 2._r8 ) - &
( qt0(kpen) + ssqt0(kpen) * (-ppen) / 2._r8 - qtu(kpen-1) + ssqt0(kpen) / fer(kpen) ) * exp(-fer(kpen) * (-ppen))
end if
call conden(ps0(kpen-1)+ppen,thlu_top,qtu_top,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
exntop = ((ps0(kpen-1)+ppen)/p00)**rovcp
if( (qlj + qij) .gt. criqc ) then
dwten(kpen) = ( ( qlj + qij ) - criqc ) * qlj / ( qlj + qij )
diten(kpen) = ( ( qlj + qij ) - criqc ) * qij / ( qlj + qij )
qtu_top = qtu_top - dwten(kpen) - diten(kpen)
thlu_top = thlu_top + (xlv/cp/exntop)*dwten(kpen) + (xls/cp/exntop)*diten(kpen)
else
dwten(kpen) = 0._r8
diten(kpen) = 0._r8
endif
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate cumulus scale height as the top height that cumulus can reach.!
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
rhos0j = ps0(kpen-1)/(r*0.5_r8*(thv0bot(kpen)+thv0top(kpen-1))*exns0(kpen-1))
cush = zs0(kpen-1) - ppen/rhos0j/g
scaleh = cush
end do ! End of 'iter_scaleh' loop.
! -------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! The 'forcedCu' is logical identifier saying whether cumulus updraft !
! overcome the buoyancy barrier just above the PBL top. If it is true, !
! cumulus did not overcome the barrier - this is a shallow convection !
! with negative cloud buoyancy, mimicking shallow continental cumulus !
! convection. Depending on 'forcedCu' parameter, treatment of heat & !
! moisture fluxes at the entraining interfaces, 'kbup <= k < kpen - 1' !
! will be set up in a different ways, as will be shown later. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( kbup .eq. krel ) then
forcedCu = .true.
limit_shcu(i) = 1._r8
else
forcedCu = .false.
limit_shcu(i) = 0._r8
endif
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Filtering of unerasonable cumulus adjustment here. This is a very !
! important process which should be done cautiously. Various ways of !
! filtering are possible depending on cases mainly using the indices !
! of key layers - 'klcl','kinv','krel','klfc','kbup','kpen'. At this !
! stage, the followings are all possible : 'kinv >= 2', 'klcl >= 1', !
! 'krel >= kinv', 'kbup >= krel', 'kpen >= krel'. I must design this !
! filtering very cautiously, in such that none of realistic cumulus !
! convection is arbitrarily turned-off. Potentially, I might turn-off!
! cumulus convection if layer-mean 'ql > 0' in the 'kinv-1' layer,in !
! order to suppress cumulus convection growing, based at the Sc top. !
! This is one of potential future modifications. Note that ppen < 0. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
cldhgt = ps0(kpen-1) + ppen
if( forcedCu ) then
! write(iulog,*) 'forcedCu - did not overcome initial buoyancy barrier'
exit_cufilter(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
! Limit 'additional shallow cumulus' for DYCOMS simulation.
! if( cldhgt.ge.88000._r8 ) then
! id_exit = .true.
! go to 333
! end if
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Re-initializing some key variables above the 'kpen' layer in order to suppress !
! the influence of non-physical values above 'kpen', in association with the use !
! of 'iter_scaleh' loop. Note that umf, emf, ufrc are defined at the interfaces !
! (0:mkx), while 'dwten','diten', 'fer', 'fdr' are defined at layer mid-points. !
! Initialization of 'fer' and 'fdr' is for correct writing purpose of diagnostic !
! output. Note that we set umf(kpen)=emf(kpen)=ufrc(kpen)=0, in consistent with !
! wtw < 0 at the top interface of 'kpen' layer. However, we still have non-zero !
! expelled cloud condensate in the 'kpen' layer. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
umf(kpen:mkx) = 0._r8
emf(kpen:mkx) = 0._r8
ufrc(kpen:mkx) = 0._r8
dwten(kpen+1:mkx) = 0._r8
diten(kpen+1:mkx) = 0._r8
fer(kpen+1:mkx) = 0._r8
fdr(kpen+1:mkx) = 0._r8
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Calculate downward penetrative entrainment mass flux, 'emf(k) < 0', and !
! thermodynamic properties of penetratively entrained airs at entraining !
! interfaces. emf(k) is defined from the top interface of the layer kbup !
! to the bottom interface of the layer 'kpen'. Note even when kbup = krel,!
! i.e.,even when 'kbup' was not updated in the above buoyancy sorting do !
! loop (i.e., 'kbup' remains as the initialization value), below do loop !
! of penetrative entrainment flux can be performed without any conceptual !
! or logical problems, because we have already computed all the variables !
! necessary for performing below penetrative entrainment block. !
! In the below 'do' loop, 'k' is an interface index at which non-zero 'emf'!
! (penetrative entrainment mass flux) is calculated. Since cumulus updraft !
! is negatively buoyant in the layers between the top interface of 'kbup' !
! layer (interface index, kbup) and the top interface of 'kpen' layer, the !
! fractional lateral entrainment, fer(k) within these layers will be close !
! to zero - so it is likely that only strong lateral detrainment occurs in !
! thses layers. Under this situation,we can easily calculate the amount of !
! detrainment cumulus air into these negatively buoyanct layers by simply !
! comparing cumulus updraft mass fluxes between the base and top interface !
! of each layer: emf(k) = emf(k-1)*exp(-fdr(k)*dp0(k)) !
! ~ emf(k-1)*(1-rei(k)*dp0(k)) !
! emf(k-1)-emf(k) ~ emf(k-1)*rei(k)*dp0(k) !
! Current code assumes that about 'rpen~10' times of these detrained mass !
! are penetratively re-entrained down into the 'k-1' interface. And all of !
! these detrained masses are finally dumped down into the top interface of !
! 'kbup' layer. Thus, the amount of penetratively entrained air across the !
! top interface of 'kbup' layer with 'rpen~10' becomes too large. !
! Note that this penetrative entrainment part can be completely turned-off !
! and we can simply use normal buoyancy-sorting involved turbulent fluxes !
! by modifying 'penetrative entrainment fluxes' part below. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! -----------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Calculate entrainment mass flux and conservative scalars of entraining !
! free air at interfaces of 'kbup <= k < kpen - 1' !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !
do k = 0, mkx
thlu_emf(k) = thlu(k)
qtu_emf(k) = qtu(k)
uu_emf(k) = uu(k)
vu_emf(k) = vu(k)
do m = 1, ncnst
tru_emf(k,m) = tru(k,m)
enddo
end do
do k = kpen - 1, kbup, -1 ! Here, 'k' is an interface index at which
! penetrative entrainment fluxes are calculated.
rhos0j = ps0(k) / ( r * 0.5_r8 * ( thv0bot(k+1) + thv0top(k) ) * exns0(k) )
if( k .eq. kpen - 1 ) then
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Note that 'ppen' has already been calculated in the above 'iter_scaleh' !
! loop assuming zero lateral entrainmentin the layer 'kpen'. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate returning mass flux, emf ( < 0 ) !
! Current penetrative entrainment rate with 'rpen~10' is too large and !
! future refinement is necessary including the definition of 'thl','qt'!
! of penetratively entrained air. Penetratively entrained airs across !
! the 'kpen-1' interface is assumed to have the properties of the base !
! interface of 'kpen' layer. Note that 'emf ~ - umf/ufrc = - w * rho'. !
! Thus, below limit sets an upper limit of |emf| to be ~ 10cm/s, which !
! is very loose constraint. Here, I used more restricted constraint on !
! the limit of emf, assuming 'emf' cannot exceed a net mass within the !
! layer above the interface. Similar to the case of warming and drying !
! due to cumulus updraft induced compensating subsidence, penetrative !
! entrainment induces compensating upwelling - in order to prevent !
! numerical instability in association with compensating upwelling, we !
! should similarily limit the amount of penetrative entrainment at the !
! interface by the amount of masses within the layer just above the !
! penetratively entraining interface. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( ( umf(k)*ppen*rei(kpen)*rpen ) .lt. -0.1_r8*rhos0j ) limit_emf(i) = 1._r8
if( ( umf(k)*ppen*rei(kpen)*rpen ) .lt. -0.9_r8*dp0(kpen)/g/dt ) limit_emf(i) = 1._r8
emf(k) = max( max( umf(k)*ppen*rei(kpen)*rpen, -0.1_r8*rhos0j), -0.9_r8*dp0(kpen)/g/dt)
thlu_emf(k) = thl0(kpen) + ssthl0(kpen) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kpen) )
qtu_emf(k) = qt0(kpen) + ssqt0(kpen) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kpen) )
uu_emf(k) = u0(kpen) + ssu0(kpen) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kpen) )
vu_emf(k) = v0(kpen) + ssv0(kpen) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kpen) )
do m = 1, ncnst
tru_emf(k,m) = tr0(kpen,m) + sstr0(kpen,m) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kpen) )
enddo
else ! if(k.lt.kpen-1).
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Note we are coming down from the higher interfaces to the lower interfaces. !
! Also note that 'emf < 0'. So, below operation is a summing not subtracting. !
! In order to ensure numerical stability, I imposed a modified correct limit !
! of '-0.9*dp0(k+1)/g/dt' on emf(k). !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( use_cumpenent ) then ! Original Cumulative Penetrative Entrainment
if( ( emf(k+1)-umf(k)*dp0(k+1)*rei(k+1)*rpen ) .lt. -0.1_r8*rhos0j ) limit_emf(i) = 1
if( ( emf(k+1)-umf(k)*dp0(k+1)*rei(k+1)*rpen ) .lt. -0.9_r8*dp0(k+1)/g/dt ) limit_emf(i) = 1
emf(k) = max(max(emf(k+1)-umf(k)*dp0(k+1)*rei(k+1)*rpen, -0.1_r8*rhos0j), -0.9_r8*dp0(k+1)/g/dt )
if( abs(emf(k)) .gt. abs(emf(k+1)) ) then
thlu_emf(k) = ( thlu_emf(k+1) * emf(k+1) + thl0(k+1) * ( emf(k) - emf(k+1) ) ) / emf(k)
qtu_emf(k) = ( qtu_emf(k+1) * emf(k+1) + qt0(k+1) * ( emf(k) - emf(k+1) ) ) / emf(k)
uu_emf(k) = ( uu_emf(k+1) * emf(k+1) + u0(k+1) * ( emf(k) - emf(k+1) ) ) / emf(k)
vu_emf(k) = ( vu_emf(k+1) * emf(k+1) + v0(k+1) * ( emf(k) - emf(k+1) ) ) / emf(k)
do m = 1, ncnst
tru_emf(k,m) = ( tru_emf(k+1,m) * emf(k+1) + tr0(k+1,m) * ( emf(k) - emf(k+1) ) ) / emf(k)
enddo
else
thlu_emf(k) = thl0(k+1)
qtu_emf(k) = qt0(k+1)
uu_emf(k) = u0(k+1)
vu_emf(k) = v0(k+1)
do m = 1, ncnst
tru_emf(k,m) = tr0(k+1,m)
enddo
endif
else ! Alternative Non-Cumulative Penetrative Entrainment
if( ( -umf(k)*dp0(k+1)*rei(k+1)*rpen ) .lt. -0.1_r8*rhos0j ) limit_emf(i) = 1
if( ( -umf(k)*dp0(k+1)*rei(k+1)*rpen ) .lt. -0.9_r8*dp0(k+1)/g/dt ) limit_emf(i) = 1
emf(k) = max(max(-umf(k)*dp0(k+1)*rei(k+1)*rpen, -0.1_r8*rhos0j), -0.9_r8*dp0(k+1)/g/dt )
thlu_emf(k) = thl0(k+1)
qtu_emf(k) = qt0(k+1)
uu_emf(k) = u0(k+1)
vu_emf(k) = v0(k+1)
do m = 1, ncnst
tru_emf(k,m) = tr0(k+1,m)
enddo
endif
endif
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! In this GCM modeling framework, all what we should do is to calculate heat !
! and moisture fluxes at the given geometrically-fixed height interfaces - we !
! don't need to worry about movement of material height surface in association !
! with compensating subsidence or unwelling, in contrast to the bulk modeling. !
! In this geometrically fixed height coordinate system, heat and moisture flux !
! at the geometrically fixed height handle everything - a movement of material !
! surface is implicitly treated automatically. Note that in terms of turbulent !
! heat and moisture fluxes at model interfaces, both the cumulus updraft mass !
! flux and penetratively entraining mass flux play the same role -both of them !
! warms and dries the 'kbup' layer, cools and moistens the 'kpen' layer, and !
! cools and moistens any intervening layers between 'kbup' and 'kpen' layers. !
! It is important to note these identical roles on turbulent heat and moisture !
! fluxes of 'umf' and 'emf'. !
! When 'kbup' is a stratocumulus-topped PBL top interface, increase of 'rpen' !
! is likely to strongly diffuse stratocumulus top interface, resulting in the !
! reduction of cloud fraction. In this sense, the 'kbup' interface has a very !
! important meaning and role : across the 'kbup' interface, strong penetrative !
! entrainment occurs, thus any sharp gradient properties across that interface !
! are easily diffused through strong mass exchange. Thus, an initialization of !
! 'kbup' (and also 'kpen') should be done very cautiously as mentioned before. !
! In order to prevent this stron diffusion for the shallow cumulus convection !
! based at the Sc top, it seems to be good to initialize 'kbup = krel', rather !
! that 'kbup = krel-1'. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
end do
!------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! !
! Compute turbulent heat, moisture, momentum flux at all interfaces !
! !
!------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! It is very important to note that in calculating turbulent fluxes !
! below, we must not double count turbulent flux at any interefaces.!
! In the below, turbulent fluxes at the interfaces (interface index !
! k) are calculated by the following 4 blocks in consecutive order: !
! !
! (1) " 0 <= k <= kinv - 1 " : PBL fluxes. !
! From 'fluxbelowinv' using reconstructed PBL height. Currently,!
! the reconstructed PBLs are independently calculated for each !
! individual conservative scalar variables ( qt, thl, u, v ) in !
! each 'fluxbelowinv', instead of being uniquely calculated by !
! using thvl. Turbulent flux at the surface is assumed to be 0. !
! (2) " kinv <= k <= krel - 1 " : Non-buoyancy sorting fluxes !
! Assuming cumulus mass flux and cumulus updraft thermodynamic !
! properties (except u, v which are modified by the PGFc during !
! upward motion) are conserved during a updraft motion from the !
! PBL top interface to the release level. If these layers don't !
! exist (e,g, when 'krel = kinv'), then current routine do not !
! perform this routine automatically. So I don't need to modify !
! anything. !
! (3) " krel <= k <= kbup - 1 " : Buoyancy sorting fluxes !
! From laterally entraining-detraining buoyancy sorting plumes. !
! (4) " kbup <= k < kpen-1 " : Penetrative entrainment fluxes !
! From penetratively entraining plumes, !
! !
! In case of normal situation, turbulent interfaces in each groups !
! are mutually independent of each other. Thus double flux counting !
! or ambiguous flux counting requiring the choice among the above 4 !
! groups do not occur normally. However, in case that cumulus plume !
! could not completely overcome the buoyancy barrier just above the !
! PBL top interface and so 'kbup = krel' (.forcedCu=.true.) ( here, !
! it can be either 'kpen = krel' as the initialization, or ' kpen > !
! krel' if cumulus updraft just penetrated over the top of release !
! layer ). If this happens, we should be very careful in organizing !
! the sequence of the 4 calculation routines above - note that the !
! routine located at the later has the higher priority. Additional !
! feature I must consider is that when 'kbup = kinv - 1' (this is a !
! combined situation of 'kbup=krel-1' & 'krel = kinv' when I chose !
! 'kbup=krel-1' instead of current choice of 'kbup=krel'), a strong !
! penetrative entrainment fluxes exists at the PBL top interface, & !
! all of these fluxes are concentrated (deposited) within the layer !
! just below PBL top interface (i.e., 'kinv-1' layer). On the other !
! hand, in case of 'fluxbelowinv', only the compensating subsidence !
! effect is concentrated in the 'kinv-1' layer and 'pure' turbulent !
! heat and moisture fluxes ( 'pure' means the fluxes not associated !
! with compensating subsidence) are linearly distributed throughout !
! the whole PBL. Thus different choice of the above flux groups can !
! produce very different results. Output variable should be written !
! consistently to the choice of computation sequences. !
! When the case of 'kbup = krel(-1)' happens,another way to dealing !
! with this case is to simply ' exit ' the whole cumulus convection !
! calculation without performing any cumulus convection. We can !
! choose this approach by specifying a condition in the 'Filtering !
! of unreasonable cumulus adjustment' just after 'iter_scaleh'. But !
! this seems not to be a good choice (although this choice was used !
! previous code ), since it might arbitrary damped-out the shallow !
! cumulus convection over the continent land, where shallow cumulus !
! convection tends to be negatively buoyant. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
! --------------------------------------------------- !
! 1. PBL fluxes : 0 <= k <= kinv - 1 !
! All the information necessary to reconstruct PBL !
! height are passed to 'fluxbelowinv'. !
! --------------------------------------------------- !
xsrc = qtsrc
xmean = qt0(kinv)
xtop = qt0(kinv+1) + ssqt0(kinv+1) * ( ps0(kinv) - p0(kinv+1) )
xbot = qt0(kinv-1) + ssqt0(kinv-1) * ( ps0(kinv-1) - p0(kinv-1) )
call fluxbelowinv( cbmf, ps0(0:mkx), mkx, kinv, dt, xsrc, xmean, xtop, xbot, xflx )
qtflx(0:kinv-1) = xflx(0:kinv-1)
xsrc = thlsrc
xmean = thl0(kinv)
xtop = thl0(kinv+1) + ssthl0(kinv+1) * ( ps0(kinv) - p0(kinv+1) )
xbot = thl0(kinv-1) + ssthl0(kinv-1) * ( ps0(kinv-1) - p0(kinv-1) )
call fluxbelowinv( cbmf, ps0(0:mkx), mkx, kinv, dt, xsrc, xmean, xtop, xbot, xflx )
slflx(0:kinv-1) = cp * exns0(0:kinv-1) * xflx(0:kinv-1)
xsrc = usrc
xmean = u0(kinv)
xtop = u0(kinv+1) + ssu0(kinv+1) * ( ps0(kinv) - p0(kinv+1) )
xbot = u0(kinv-1) + ssu0(kinv-1) * ( ps0(kinv-1) - p0(kinv-1) )
call fluxbelowinv( cbmf, ps0(0:mkx), mkx, kinv, dt, xsrc, xmean, xtop, xbot, xflx )
uflx(0:kinv-1) = xflx(0:kinv-1)
xsrc = vsrc
xmean = v0(kinv)
xtop = v0(kinv+1) + ssv0(kinv+1) * ( ps0(kinv) - p0(kinv+1) )
xbot = v0(kinv-1) + ssv0(kinv-1) * ( ps0(kinv-1) - p0(kinv-1) )
call fluxbelowinv( cbmf, ps0(0:mkx), mkx, kinv, dt, xsrc, xmean, xtop, xbot, xflx )
vflx(0:kinv-1) = xflx(0:kinv-1)
do m = 1, ncnst
xsrc = trsrc(m)
xmean = tr0(kinv,m)
xtop = tr0(kinv+1,m) + sstr0(kinv+1,m) * ( ps0(kinv) - p0(kinv+1) )
xbot = tr0(kinv-1,m) + sstr0(kinv-1,m) * ( ps0(kinv-1) - p0(kinv-1) )
call fluxbelowinv( cbmf, ps0(0:mkx), mkx, kinv, dt, xsrc, xmean, xtop, xbot, xflx )
trflx(0:kinv-1,m) = xflx(0:kinv-1)
enddo
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
! 2. Non-buoyancy sorting fluxes : kinv <= k <= krel - 1 !
! Note that when 'krel = kinv', below block is never executed !
! as in a desirable, expected way ( but I must check if this !
! is the case ). The non-buoyancy sorting fluxes are computed !
! only when 'krel > kinv'. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
uplus = 0._r8
vplus = 0._r8
do k = kinv, krel - 1
kp1 = k + 1
qtflx(k) = cbmf * ( qtsrc - ( qt0(kp1) + ssqt0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) )
slflx(k) = cbmf * ( thlsrc - ( thl0(kp1) + ssthl0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) ) * cp * exns0(k)
uplus = uplus + PGFc * ssu0(k) * ( ps0(k) - ps0(k-1) )
vplus = vplus + PGFc * ssv0(k) * ( ps0(k) - ps0(k-1) )
uflx(k) = cbmf * ( usrc + uplus - ( u0(kp1) + ssu0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) )
vflx(k) = cbmf * ( vsrc + vplus - ( v0(kp1) + ssv0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) )
do m = 1, ncnst
trflx(k,m) = cbmf * ( trsrc(m) - ( tr0(kp1,m) + sstr0(kp1,m) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) )
enddo
end do
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! 3. Buoyancy sorting fluxes : krel <= k <= kbup - 1 !
! In case that 'kbup = krel - 1 ' ( or even in case 'kbup = krel' ), !
! buoyancy sorting fluxes are not calculated, which is consistent, !
! desirable feature. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
do k = krel, kbup - 1
kp1 = k + 1
slflx(k) = cp * exns0(k) * umf(k) * ( thlu(k) - ( thl0(kp1) + ssthl0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) )
qtflx(k) = umf(k) * ( qtu(k) - ( qt0(kp1) + ssqt0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) )
uflx(k) = umf(k) * ( uu(k) - ( u0(kp1) + ssu0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) )
vflx(k) = umf(k) * ( vu(k) - ( v0(kp1) + ssv0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) )
do m = 1, ncnst
trflx(k,m) = umf(k) * ( tru(k,m) - ( tr0(kp1,m) + sstr0(kp1,m) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) )
enddo
end do
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! 4. Penetrative entrainment fluxes : kbup <= k <= kpen - 1 !
! The only confliction that can happen is when 'kbup = kinv-1'. For this !
! case, turbulent flux at kinv-1 is calculated both from 'fluxbelowinv' !
! and here as penetrative entrainment fluxes. Since penetrative flux is !
! calculated later, flux at 'kinv - 1 ' will be that of penetrative flux.!
! However, turbulent flux calculated at 'kinv - 1' from penetrative entr.!
! is less attractable, since more reasonable turbulent flux at 'kinv-1' !
! should be obtained from 'fluxbelowinv', by considering re-constructed !
! inversion base height. This conflicting problem can be solved if we can!
! initialize 'kbup = krel', instead of kbup = krel - 1. This choice seems!
! to be more reasonable since it is not conflicted with 'fluxbelowinv' in!
! calculating fluxes at 'kinv - 1' ( for this case, flux at 'kinv-1' is !
! always from 'fluxbelowinv' ), and flux at 'krel-1' is calculated from !
! the non-buoyancy sorting flux without being competed with penetrative !
! entrainment fluxes. Even when we use normal cumulus flux instead of !
! penetrative entrainment fluxes at 'kbup <= k <= kpen-1' interfaces, !
! the initialization of kbup=krel perfectly works without any conceptual !
! confliction. Thus it seems to be much better to choose 'kbup = krel' !
! initialization of 'kbup', which is current choice. !
! Note that below formula uses conventional updraft cumulus fluxes for !
! shallow cumulus which did not overcome the first buoyancy barrier above!
! PBL top while uses penetrative entrainment fluxes for the other cases !
! 'kbup <= k <= kpen-1' interfaces. Depending on cases, however, I can !
! selelct different choice. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! if( forcedCu ) then !
! slflx(k) = cp * exns0(k) * umf(k) * ( thlu(k) - ( thl0(kp1) + ssthl0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) ) !
! qtflx(k) = umf(k) * ( qtu(k) - ( qt0(kp1) + ssqt0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) ) !
! uflx(k) = umf(k) * ( uu(k) - ( u0(kp1) + ssu0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) ) !
! vflx(k) = umf(k) * ( vu(k) - ( v0(kp1) + ssv0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) ) !
! do m = 1, ncnst !
! trflx(k,m) = umf(k) * ( tru(k,m) - ( tr0(kp1,m) + sstr0(kp1,m) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) ) !
! enddo !
! else !
! slflx(k) = cp * exns0(k) * emf(k) * ( thlu_emf(k) - ( thl0(k) + ssthl0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) ) !
! qtflx(k) = emf(k) * ( qtu_emf(k) - ( qt0(k) + ssqt0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) ) !
! uflx(k) = emf(k) * ( uu_emf(k) - ( u0(k) + ssu0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) ) !
! vflx(k) = emf(k) * ( vu_emf(k) - ( v0(k) + ssv0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) ) !
! do m = 1, ncnst !
! trflx(k,m) = emf(k) * ( tru_emf(k,m) - ( tr0(k,m) + sstr0(k,m) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) ) !
! enddo !
! endif !
! !
! if( use_uppenent ) then ! Combined Updraft + Penetrative Entrainment Flux !
! slflx(k) = cp * exns0(k) * umf(k) * ( thlu(k) - ( thl0(kp1) + ssthl0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) ) + & !
! cp * exns0(k) * emf(k) * ( thlu_emf(k) - ( thl0(k) + ssthl0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) ) !
! qtflx(k) = umf(k) * ( qtu(k) - ( qt0(kp1) + ssqt0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) ) + & !
! emf(k) * ( qtu_emf(k) - ( qt0(k) + ssqt0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) ) !
! uflx(k) = umf(k) * ( uu(k) - ( u0(kp1) + ssu0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) ) + & !
! emf(k) * ( uu_emf(k) - ( u0(k) + ssu0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) ) !
! vflx(k) = umf(k) * ( vu(k) - ( v0(kp1) + ssv0(kp1) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) ) + & !
! emf(k) * ( vu_emf(k) - ( v0(k) + ssv0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) ) !
! do m = 1, ncnst !
! trflx(k,m) = umf(k) * ( tru(k,m) - ( tr0(kp1,m) + sstr0(kp1,m) * ( ps0(k) - p0(kp1) ) ) ) + & !
! emf(k) * ( tru_emf(k,m) - ( tr0(k,m) + sstr0(k,m) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) ) !
! enddo !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
do k = kbup, kpen - 1
kp1 = k + 1
slflx(k) = cp * exns0(k) * emf(k) * ( thlu_emf(k) - ( thl0(k) + ssthl0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) )
qtflx(k) = emf(k) * ( qtu_emf(k) - ( qt0(k) + ssqt0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) )
uflx(k) = emf(k) * ( uu_emf(k) - ( u0(k) + ssu0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) )
vflx(k) = emf(k) * ( vu_emf(k) - ( v0(k) + ssv0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) )
do m = 1, ncnst
trflx(k,m) = emf(k) * ( tru_emf(k,m) - ( tr0(k,m) + sstr0(k,m) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) ) ) )
enddo
end do
! ------------------------------------------- !
! Turn-off cumulus momentum flux as an option !
! ------------------------------------------- !
if( .not. use_momenflx ) then
uflx(0:mkx) = 0._r8
vflx(0:mkx) = 0._r8
endif
! -------------------------------------------------------- !
! Condensate tendency by compensating subsidence/upwelling !
! -------------------------------------------------------- !
uemf(0:mkx) = 0._r8
do k = 0, kinv - 2 ! Assume linear updraft mass flux within the PBL.
uemf(k) = cbmf * ( ps0(0) - ps0(k) ) / ( ps0(0) - ps0(kinv-1) )
end do
uemf(kinv-1:krel-1) = cbmf
uemf(krel:kbup-1) = umf(krel:kbup-1)
uemf(kbup:kpen-1) = emf(kbup:kpen-1) ! Only use penetrative entrainment flux consistently.
comsub(1:mkx) = 0._r8
do k = 1, kpen
comsub(k) = 0.5_r8 * ( uemf(k) + uemf(k-1) )
end do
do k = 1, kpen
if( comsub(k) .ge. 0._r8 ) then
if( k .eq. mkx ) then
thlten_sub = 0._r8
qtten_sub = 0._r8
qlten_sub = 0._r8
qiten_sub = 0._r8
nlten_sub = 0._r8
niten_sub = 0._r8
else
thlten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( thl0(k+1) - thl0(k) ) / ( p0(k) - p0(k+1) )
qtten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( qt0(k+1) - qt0(k) ) / ( p0(k) - p0(k+1) )
qlten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( ql0(k+1) - ql0(k) ) / ( p0(k) - p0(k+1) )
qiten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( qi0(k+1) - qi0(k) ) / ( p0(k) - p0(k+1) )
nlten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( tr0(k+1,ixnumliq) - tr0(k,ixnumliq) ) / ( p0(k) - p0(k+1) )
niten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( tr0(k+1,ixnumice) - tr0(k,ixnumice) ) / ( p0(k) - p0(k+1) )
endif
else
if( k .eq. 1 ) then
thlten_sub = 0._r8
qtten_sub = 0._r8
qlten_sub = 0._r8
qiten_sub = 0._r8
nlten_sub = 0._r8
niten_sub = 0._r8
else
thlten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( thl0(k) - thl0(k-1) ) / ( p0(k-1) - p0(k) )
qtten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( qt0(k) - qt0(k-1) ) / ( p0(k-1) - p0(k) )
qlten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( ql0(k) - ql0(k-1) ) / ( p0(k-1) - p0(k) )
qiten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( qi0(k) - qi0(k-1) ) / ( p0(k-1) - p0(k) )
nlten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( tr0(k,ixnumliq) - tr0(k-1,ixnumliq) ) / ( p0(k-1) - p0(k) )
niten_sub = g * comsub(k) * ( tr0(k,ixnumice) - tr0(k-1,ixnumice) ) / ( p0(k-1) - p0(k) )
endif
endif
thl_prog = thl0(k) + thlten_sub * dt
qt_prog = max( qt0(k) + qtten_sub * dt, 1.e-12_r8 )
call conden(p0(k),thl_prog,qt_prog,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
endif
! qlten_sink(k) = ( qlj - ql0(k) ) / dt
! qiten_sink(k) = ( qij - qi0(k) ) / dt
qlten_sink(k) = max( qlten_sub, - ql0(k) / dt ) ! For consistency with prognostic macrophysics scheme
qiten_sink(k) = max( qiten_sub, - qi0(k) / dt ) ! For consistency with prognostic macrophysics scheme
nlten_sink(k) = max( nlten_sub, - tr0(k,ixnumliq) / dt )
niten_sink(k) = max( niten_sub, - tr0(k,ixnumice) / dt )
end do
! --------------------------------------------- !
! !
! Calculate convective tendencies at each layer !
! !
! --------------------------------------------- !
! ----------------- !
! Momentum tendency !
! ----------------- !
do k = 1, kpen
km1 = k - 1
uten(k) = ( uflx(km1) - uflx(k) ) * g / dp0(k)
vten(k) = ( vflx(km1) - vflx(k) ) * g / dp0(k)
uf(k) = u0(k) + uten(k) * dt
vf(k) = v0(k) + vten(k) * dt
! do m = 1, ncnst
! trten(k,m) = ( trflx(km1,m) - trflx(k,m) ) * g / dp0(k)
! ! Limit trten(k,m) such that negative value is not developed.
! ! This limitation does not conserve grid-mean tracers and future
! ! refinement is required for tracer-conserving treatment.
! trten(k,m) = max(trten(k,m),-tr0(k,m)/dt)
! enddo
end do
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Tendencies of thermodynamic variables. !
! This part requires a careful treatment of bulk cloud microphysics.!
! Relocations of 'precipitable condensates' either into the surface !
! or into the tendency of 'krel' layer will be performed just after !
! finishing the below 'do-loop'. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
rliq = 0._r8
rainflx = 0._r8
snowflx = 0._r8
do k = 1, kpen
km1 = k - 1
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Compute 'slten', 'qtten', 'qvten', 'qlten', 'qiten', and 'sten' !
! !
! Key assumptions made in this 'cumulus scheme' are : !
! 1. Cumulus updraft expels condensate into the environment at the top interface !
! of each layer. Note that in addition to this expel process ('source' term), !
! cumulus updraft can modify layer mean condensate through normal detrainment !
! forcing or compensating subsidence. !
! 2. Expelled water can be either 'sustaining' or 'precipitating' condensate. By !
! definition, 'suataining condensate' will remain in the layer where it was !
! formed, while 'precipitating condensate' will fall across the base of the !
! layer where it was formed. !
! 3. All precipitating condensates are assumed to fall into the release layer or !
! ground as soon as it was formed without being evaporated during the falling !
! process down to the desinated layer ( either release layer of surface ). !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! 'dwten(k)','diten(k)' : Production rate of condensate within the layer k !
! [ kg/kg/s ] by the expels of condensate from cumulus updraft. !
! It is important to note that in terms of moisture tendency equation, this !
! is a 'source' term of enviromental 'qt'. More importantly, these source !
! are already counted in the turbulent heat and moisture fluxes we computed !
! until now, assuming all the expelled condensate remain in the layer where !
! it was formed. Thus, in calculation of 'qtten' and 'slten' below, we MUST !
! NOT add or subtract these terms explicitly in order not to double or miss !
! count, unless some expelled condensates fall down out of the layer. Note !
! this falling-down process ( i.e., precipitation process ) and associated !
! 'qtten' and 'slten' and production of surface precipitation flux will be !
! treated later in 'zm_conv_evap' in 'convect_shallow_tend' subroutine. !
! In below, we are converting expelled cloud condensate into correct unit. !
! I found that below use of '0.5 * (umf(k-1) + umf(k))' causes conservation !
! errors at some columns in global simulation. So, I returned to originals. !
! This will cause no precipitation flux at 'kpen' layer since umf(kpen)=0. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
dwten(k) = dwten(k) * 0.5_r8 * ( umf(k-1) + umf(k) ) * g / dp0(k) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
diten(k) = diten(k) * 0.5_r8 * ( umf(k-1) + umf(k) ) * g / dp0(k) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
! dwten(k) = dwten(k) * umf(k) * g / dp0(k) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
! diten(k) = diten(k) * umf(k) * g / dp0(k) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! 'qrten(k)','qsten(k)' : Production rate of rain and snow within the layer k !
! [ kg/kg/s ] by cumulus expels of condensates to the environment.!
! This will be falled-out of the layer where it was formed and will be dumped !
! dumped into the release layer assuming that there is no evaporative cooling !
! while precipitable condensate moves to the relaes level. This is reasonable !
! assumtion if cumulus is purely vertical and so the path along which precita !
! ble condensate falls is fully saturared. This 're-allocation' process of !
! precipitable condensate into the release layer is fully described in this !
! convection scheme. After that, the dumped water into the release layer will !
! falling down across the base of release layer ( or LCL, if exact treatment !
! is required ) and will be allowed to be evaporated in layers below release !
! layer, and finally non-zero surface precipitation flux will be calculated. !
! This latter process will be separately treated 'zm_conv_evap' routine. !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
qrten(k) = frc_rasn * dwten(k)
qsten(k) = frc_rasn * diten(k)
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! 'rainflx','snowflx' : Cumulative rain and snow flux integrated from the !
! [ kg/m2/s ] release leyer to the 'kpen' layer. Note that even !
! though wtw(kpen) < 0 (and umf(kpen) = 0) at the top interface of 'kpen' !
! layer, 'dwten(kpen)' and diten(kpen) were calculated after calculating !
! explicit cloud top height. Thus below calculation of precipitation flux !
! is correct. Note that precipitating condensates are formed only in the !
! layers from 'krel' to 'kpen', including the two layers. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
rainflx = rainflx + qrten(k) * dp0(k) / g
snowflx = snowflx + qsten(k) * dp0(k) / g
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! 'slten(k)','qtten(k)' !
! Note that 'slflx(k)' and 'qtflx(k)' we have calculated already included !
! all the contributions of (1) expels of condensate (dwten(k), diten(k)), !
! (2) mass detrainment ( delta * umf * ( qtu - qt ) ), & (3) compensating !
! subsidence ( M * dqt / dz ). Thus 'slflx(k)' and 'qtflx(k)' we computed !
! is a hybrid turbulent flux containing one part of 'source' term - expel !
! of condensate. In order to calculate 'slten' and 'qtten', we should add !
! additional 'source' term, if any. If the expelled condensate falls down !
! across the base of the layer, it will be another sink (negative source) !
! term. Note also that we included frictional heating terms in the below !
! calculation of 'slten'. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------ !
slten(k) = ( slflx(km1) - slflx(k) ) * g / dp0(k)
if( k .eq. 1 ) then
slten(k) = slten(k) - g / 4._r8 / dp0(k) * ( &
uflx(k)*(uf(k+1) - uf(k) + u0(k+1) - u0(k)) + &
vflx(k)*(vf(k+1) - vf(k) + v0(k+1) - v0(k)))
elseif( k .ge. 2 .and. k .le. kpen-1 ) then
slten(k) = slten(k) - g / 4._r8 / dp0(k) * ( &
uflx(k)*(uf(k+1) - uf(k) + u0(k+1) - u0(k)) + &
uflx(k-1)*(uf(k) - uf(k-1) + u0(k) - u0(k-1)) + &
vflx(k)*(vf(k+1) - vf(k) + v0(k+1) - v0(k)) + &
vflx(k-1)*(vf(k) - vf(k-1) + v0(k) - v0(k-1)))
elseif( k .eq. kpen ) then
slten(k) = slten(k) - g / 4._r8 / dp0(k) * ( &
uflx(k-1)*(uf(k) - uf(k-1) + u0(k) - u0(k-1)) + &
vflx(k-1)*(vf(k) - vf(k-1) + v0(k) - v0(k-1)))
endif
qtten(k) = ( qtflx(km1) - qtflx(k) ) * g / dp0(k)
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Compute condensate tendency, including reserved condensate !
! We assume that eventual detachment and detrainment occurs in kbup layer due !
! to downdraft buoyancy sorting. In the layer above the kbup, only penetrative !
! entrainment exists. Penetrative entrained air is assumed not to contain any !
! condensate. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Compute in-cumulus condensate at the layer mid-point.
if( k .lt. krel .or. k .gt. kpen ) then
qlu_mid = 0._r8
qiu_mid = 0._r8
qlj = 0._r8
qij = 0._r8
elseif( k .eq. krel ) then
call conden(prel,thlu(krel-1),qtu(krel-1),thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
endif
qlubelow = qlj
qiubelow = qij
call conden(ps0(k),thlu(k),qtu(k),thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
qlu_mid = 0.5_r8 * ( qlubelow + qlj ) * ( prel - ps0(k) )/( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) )
qiu_mid = 0.5_r8 * ( qiubelow + qij ) * ( prel - ps0(k) )/( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) )
elseif( k .eq. kpen ) then
call conden(ps0(k-1)+ppen,thlu_top,qtu_top,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
qlu_mid = 0.5_r8 * ( qlubelow + qlj ) * ( -ppen ) /( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) )
qiu_mid = 0.5_r8 * ( qiubelow + qij ) * ( -ppen ) /( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) )
qlu_top = qlj
qiu_top = qij
else
call conden(ps0(k),thlu(k),qtu(k),thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
qlu_mid = 0.5_r8 * ( qlubelow + qlj )
qiu_mid = 0.5_r8 * ( qiubelow + qij )
endif
qlubelow = qlj
qiubelow = qij
! 1. Sustained Precipitation
qc_l(k) = ( 1._r8 - frc_rasn ) * dwten(k) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
qc_i(k) = ( 1._r8 - frc_rasn ) * diten(k) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
! 2. Detrained Condensate
if( k .le. kbup ) then
qc_l(k) = qc_l(k) + g * 0.5_r8 * ( umf(k-1) + umf(k) ) * fdr(k) * qlu_mid ! [ kg/kg/s ]
qc_i(k) = qc_i(k) + g * 0.5_r8 * ( umf(k-1) + umf(k) ) * fdr(k) * qiu_mid ! [ kg/kg/s ]
qc_lm = - g * 0.5_r8 * ( umf(k-1) + umf(k) ) * fdr(k) * ql0(k)
qc_im = - g * 0.5_r8 * ( umf(k-1) + umf(k) ) * fdr(k) * qi0(k)
! Below 'nc_lm', 'nc_im' should be used only when frc_rasn = 1.
nc_lm = - g * 0.5_r8 * ( umf(k-1) + umf(k) ) * fdr(k) * tr0(k,ixnumliq)
nc_im = - g * 0.5_r8 * ( umf(k-1) + umf(k) ) * fdr(k) * tr0(k,ixnumice)
else
qc_lm = 0._r8
qc_im = 0._r8
nc_lm = 0._r8
nc_im = 0._r8
endif
! 3. Detached Updraft
if( k .eq. kbup ) then
qc_l(k) = qc_l(k) + g * umf(k) * qlj / ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
qc_i(k) = qc_i(k) + g * umf(k) * qij / ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
qc_lm = qc_lm - g * umf(k) * ql0(k) / ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
qc_im = qc_im - g * umf(k) * qi0(k) / ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
nc_lm = nc_lm - g * umf(k) * tr0(k,ixnumliq) / ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
nc_im = nc_im - g * umf(k) * tr0(k,ixnumice) / ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
endif
! 4. Cumulative Penetrative entrainment detrained in the 'kbup' layer
! Explicitly compute the properties detrained penetrative entrained airs in k = kbup layer.
if( k .eq. kbup ) then
call conden(p0(k),thlu_emf(k),qtu_emf(k),thj,qvj,ql_emf_kbup,qi_emf_kbup,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
endif
if( ql_emf_kbup .gt. 0._r8 ) then
nl_emf_kbup = tru_emf(k,ixnumliq)
else
nl_emf_kbup = 0._r8
endif
if( qi_emf_kbup .gt. 0._r8 ) then
ni_emf_kbup = tru_emf(k,ixnumice)
else
ni_emf_kbup = 0._r8
endif
qc_lm = qc_lm - g * emf(k) * ( ql_emf_kbup - ql0(k) ) / ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
qc_im = qc_im - g * emf(k) * ( qi_emf_kbup - qi0(k) ) / ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
nc_lm = nc_lm - g * emf(k) * ( nl_emf_kbup - tr0(k,ixnumliq) ) / ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
nc_im = nc_im - g * emf(k) * ( ni_emf_kbup - tr0(k,ixnumice) ) / ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) ! [ kg/kg/s ]
endif
qlten_det = qc_l(k) + qc_lm
qiten_det = qc_i(k) + qc_im
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! 'qlten(k)','qiten(k)','qvten(k)','sten(k)' !
! Note that falling of precipitation will be treated later. !
! The prevension of negative 'qv,ql,qi' will be treated later in positive_moisture. !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( use_expconten ) then
if( use_unicondet ) then
qc_l(k) = 0._r8
qc_i(k) = 0._r8
qlten(k) = frc_rasn * dwten(k) + qlten_sink(k) + qlten_det
qiten(k) = frc_rasn * diten(k) + qiten_sink(k) + qiten_det
else
qlten(k) = qc_l(k) + frc_rasn * dwten(k) + ( max( 0._r8, ql0(k) + ( qc_lm + qlten_sink(k) ) * dt ) - ql0(k) ) / dt
qiten(k) = qc_i(k) + frc_rasn * diten(k) + ( max( 0._r8, qi0(k) + ( qc_im + qiten_sink(k) ) * dt ) - qi0(k) ) / dt
trten(k,ixnumliq) = max( nc_lm + nlten_sink(k), - tr0(k,ixnumliq) / dt )
trten(k,ixnumice) = max( nc_im + niten_sink(k), - tr0(k,ixnumice) / dt )
endif
else
if( use_unicondet ) then
qc_l(k) = 0._r8
qc_i(k) = 0._r8
endif
qlten(k) = dwten(k) + ( qtten(k) - dwten(k) - diten(k) ) * ( ql0(k) / qt0(k) )
qiten(k) = diten(k) + ( qtten(k) - dwten(k) - diten(k) ) * ( qi0(k) / qt0(k) )
endif
qvten(k) = qtten(k) - qlten(k) - qiten(k)
sten(k) = slten(k) + xlv * qlten(k) + xls * qiten(k)
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! 'rliq' : Verticall-integrated 'suspended cloud condensate' !
! [m/s] This is so called 'reserved liquid water' in other subroutines !
! of CAM3, since the contribution of this term should not be included into !
! the tendency of each layer or surface flux (precip) within this cumulus !
! scheme. The adding of this term to the layer tendency will be done inthe !
! 'stratiform_tend', just after performing sediment process there. !
! The main problem of these rather going-back-and-forth and stupid-seeming !
! approach is that the sediment process of suspendened condensate will not !
! be treated at all in the 'stratiform_tend'. !
! Note that 'precip' [m/s] is vertically-integrated total 'rain+snow' formed !
! from the cumulus updraft. Important : in the below, 1000 is rhoh2o ( water !
! density ) [ kg/m^3 ] used for unit conversion from [ kg/m^2/s ] to [ m/s ] !
! for use in stratiform.F90. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
qc(k) = qc_l(k) + qc_i(k)
rliq = rliq + qc(k) * dp0(k) / g / 1000._r8 ! [ m/s ]
end do
precip = rainflx + snowflx ! [ kg/m2/s ]
snow = snowflx ! [ kg/m2/s ]
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Now treats the 'evaporation' and 'melting' of rain ( qrten ) and !
! snow ( qsten ) during falling process. Below algorithms are from !
! 'zm_conv_evap' but with some modification, which allows separate !
! treatment of 'rain' and 'snow' condensates. Note that I included !
! the evaporation dynamics into the convection scheme for complete !
! development of cumulus scheme especially in association with the !
! implicit CIN closure. In compatible with this internal treatment !
! of evaporation, I should modify 'convect_shallow', in such that !
! 'zm_conv_evap' is not performed when I choose UW PBL-Cu schemes. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
evpint_rain = 0._r8
evpint_snow = 0._r8
flxrain(0:mkx) = 0._r8
flxsnow(0:mkx) = 0._r8
ntraprd(:mkx) = 0._r8
ntsnprd(:mkx) = 0._r8
do k = mkx, 1, -1 ! 'k' is a layer index : 'mkx'('1') is the top ('bottom') layer
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! flxsntm [kg/m2/s] : Downward snow flux at the top of each layer after melting.!
! snowmlt [kg/kg/s] : Snow melting tendency. !
! Below allows melting of snow when it goes down into the warm layer below. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( t0(k) .gt. 273.16_r8 ) then
snowmlt = max( 0._r8, flxsnow(k) * g / dp0(k) )
else
snowmlt = 0._r8
endif
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Evaporation rate of 'rain' and 'snow' in the layer k, [ kg/kg/s ] !
! where 'rain' and 'snow' are coming down from the upper layers. !
! I used the same evaporative efficiency both for 'rain' and 'snow'.!
! Note that evaporation is not allowed in the layers 'k >= krel' by !
! assuming that inside of cumulus cloud, across which precipitation !
! is falling down, is fully saturated. !
! The asumptions in association with the 'evplimit_rain(snow)' are !
! 1. Do not allow evaporation to supersate the layer !
! 2. Do not evaporate more than the flux falling into the layer !
! 3. Total evaporation cannot exceed the input total surface flux !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
status = qsat(t0(k),p0(k),es(1),qs(1),gam(1), 1)
subsat = max( ( 1._r8 - qv0(k)/qs(1) ), 0._r8 )
if( noevap_krelkpen ) then
if( k .ge. krel ) subsat = 0._r8
endif
evprain = kevp * subsat * sqrt(flxrain(k)+snowmlt*dp0(k)/g)
evpsnow = kevp * subsat * sqrt(max(flxsnow(k)-snowmlt*dp0(k)/g,0._r8))
evplimit = max( 0._r8, ( qw0_in(i,k) - qv0(k) ) / dt )
evplimit_rain = min( evplimit, ( flxrain(k) + snowmlt * dp0(k) / g ) * g / dp0(k) )
evplimit_rain = min( evplimit_rain, ( rainflx - evpint_rain ) * g / dp0(k) )
evprain = max(0._r8,min( evplimit_rain, evprain ))
evplimit_snow = min( evplimit, max( flxsnow(k) - snowmlt * dp0(k) / g , 0._r8 ) * g / dp0(k) )
evplimit_snow = min( evplimit_snow, ( snowflx - evpint_snow ) * g / dp0(k) )
evpsnow = max(0._r8,min( evplimit_snow, evpsnow ))
if( ( evprain + evpsnow ) .gt. evplimit ) then
tmp1 = evprain * evplimit / ( evprain + evpsnow )
tmp2 = evpsnow * evplimit / ( evprain + evpsnow )
evprain = tmp1
evpsnow = tmp2
endif
evapc(k) = evprain + evpsnow
! ------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Vertically-integrated evaporative fluxes of 'rain' and 'snow' !
! ------------------------------------------------------------- !
evpint_rain = evpint_rain + evprain * dp0(k) / g
evpint_snow = evpint_snow + evpsnow * dp0(k) / g
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Net 'rain' and 'snow' production rate in the layer [ kg/kg/s ] !
! -------------------------------------------------------------- !
ntraprd(k) = qrten(k) - evprain + snowmlt
ntsnprd(k) = qsten(k) - evpsnow - snowmlt
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Downward fluxes of 'rain' and 'snow' fluxes at the base of the layer [ kg/m2/s ] !
! Note that layer index increases with height. !
! -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
flxrain(k-1) = flxrain(k) + ntraprd(k) * dp0(k) / g
flxsnow(k-1) = flxsnow(k) + ntsnprd(k) * dp0(k) / g
flxrain(k-1) = max( flxrain(k-1), 0._r8 )
if( flxrain(k-1) .eq. 0._r8 ) ntraprd(k) = -flxrain(k) * g / dp0(k)
flxsnow(k-1) = max( flxsnow(k-1), 0._r8 )
if( flxsnow(k-1) .eq. 0._r8 ) ntsnprd(k) = -flxsnow(k) * g / dp0(k)
! ---------------------------------- !
! Calculate thermodynamic tendencies !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Note that equivalently, we can write tendency formula of 'sten' and 'slten' !
! by 'sten(k) = sten(k) - xlv*evprain - xls*evpsnow - (xls-xlv)*snowmlt' & !
! 'slten(k) = sten(k) - xlv*qlten(k) - xls*qiten(k)'. !
! The above formula is equivalent to the below formula. However below formula !
! is preferred since we have already imposed explicit constraint on 'ntraprd' !
! and 'ntsnprd' in case that flxrain(k-1) < 0 & flxsnow(k-1) < 0._r8 !
! Note : In future, I can elborate the limiting of 'qlten','qvten','qiten' !
! such that that energy and moisture conservation error is completely !
! suppressed. !
! Re-storation to the positive condensate will be performed later below !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
qlten(k) = qlten(k) - qrten(k)
qiten(k) = qiten(k) - qsten(k)
qvten(k) = qvten(k) + evprain + evpsnow
qtten(k) = qlten(k) + qiten(k) + qvten(k)
if( ( qv0(k) + qvten(k)*dt ) .lt. qmin(1) .or. &
( ql0(k) + qlten(k)*dt ) .lt. qmin(2) .or. &
( qi0(k) + qiten(k)*dt ) .lt. qmin(3) ) then
limit_negcon(i) = 1._r8
end if
sten(k) = sten(k) - xlv*evprain - xls*evpsnow - (xls-xlv)*snowmlt
slten(k) = sten(k) - xlv*qlten(k) - xls*qiten(k)
! slten(k) = slten(k) + xlv * ntraprd(k) + xls * ntsnprd(k)
! sten(k) = slten(k) + xlv * qlten(k) + xls * qiten(k)
end do
! ------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate final surface flux of precipitation, rain, and snow !
! Convert unit to [m/s] for use in 'check_energy_chng'. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------- !
precip = ( flxrain(0) + flxsnow(0) ) / 1000._r8
snow = flxsnow(0) / 1000._r8
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Until now, all the calculations are done completely in this shallow cumulus !
! scheme. If you want to use this cumulus scheme other than CAM3, then do not !
! perform below block. However, for compatible use with the other subroutines !
! in CAM3, I should subtract the effect of 'qc(k)' ('rliq') from the tendency !
! equation in each layer, since this effect will be separately added later in !
! in 'stratiform_tend' just after performing sediment process there. In order !
! to be consistent with 'stratiform_tend', just subtract qc(k) from tendency !
! equation of each layer, but do not add it to the 'precip'. Apprently, this !
! will violate energy and moisture conservations. However, when performing !
! conservation check in 'tphysbc.F90' just after 'convect_shallow_tend', we !
! will add 'qc(k)' ( rliq ) to the surface flux term just for the purpose of !
! passing the energy-moisture conservation check. Explicit adding-back of 'qc'!
! to the individual layer tendency equation will be done in 'stratiform_tend' !
! after performing sediment process there. Simply speaking, in 'tphysbc' just !
! after 'convect_shallow_tend', we will dump 'rliq' into surface as a 'rain' !
! in order to satisfy energy and moisture conservation, and in the following !
! 'stratiform_tend', we will restore it back to 'qlten(k)' ( 'ice' will go to !
! 'water' there) from surface precipitation. This is a funny but conceptually !
! entertaining procedure. One concern I have for this complex process is that !
! output-writed stratiform precipitation amount will be underestimated due to !
! arbitrary subtracting of 'rliq' in stratiform_tend, where !
! ' prec_str = prec_sed + prec_pcw - rliq' and 'rliq' is not real but fake. !
! However, as shown in 'srfxfer.F90', large scale precipitation amount (PRECL)!
! that is writed-output is corrected written since in 'srfxfer.F90', PRECL = !
! 'prec_sed + prec_pcw', without including 'rliq'. So current code is correct.!
! Note also in 'srfxfer.F90', convective precipitation amount is 'PRECC = !
! prec_zmc(i) + prec_cmf(i)' which is also correct. !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
do k = 1, kpen
qtten(k) = qtten(k) - qc(k)
qlten(k) = qlten(k) - qc_l(k)
qiten(k) = qiten(k) - qc_i(k)
slten(k) = slten(k) + ( xlv * qc_l(k) + xls * qc_i(k) )
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Since all reserved condensates will be treated as liquid water in the !
! 'check_energy_chng' & 'stratiform_tend' without an explicit conversion !
! algorithm, I should consider explicitly the energy conversions between !
! 'ice' and 'liquid' - i.e., I should convert 'ice' to 'liquid' and the !
! necessary energy for this conversion should be subtracted from 'sten'. !
! Without this conversion here, energy conservation error come out. Note !
! that there should be no change of 'qvten(k)'. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !
sten(k) = sten(k) - ( xls - xlv ) * qc_i(k)
end do
! --------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Prevent the onset-of negative condensate at the next time step !
! Potentially, this block can be moved just in front of the above !
! block. !
! --------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Modification : I should check whether this 'positive_moisture_single' routine is
! consistent with the one used in UW PBL and cloud macrophysics schemes.
! Modification : Below may overestimate resulting 'ql, qi' if we use the new 'qc_l', 'qc_i'
! in combination with the original computation of qlten, qiten. However,
! if we use new 'qlten,qiten', there is no problem.
qv0_star(:mkx) = qv0(:mkx) + qvten(:mkx) * dt
ql0_star(:mkx) = ql0(:mkx) + qlten(:mkx) * dt
qi0_star(:mkx) = qi0(:mkx) + qiten(:mkx) * dt
s0_star(:mkx) = s0(:mkx) + sten(:mkx) * dt
call positive_moisture_single( xlv, xls, mkx, dt, qmin(1), qmin(2), qmin(3), dp0, qv0_star, ql0_star, qi0_star, s0_star, qvten, qlten, qiten, sten )
qtten(:mkx) = qvten(:mkx) + qlten(:mkx) + qiten(:mkx)
slten(:mkx) = sten(:mkx) - xlv * qlten(:mkx) - xls * qiten(:mkx)
! --------------------- !
! Tendencies of tracers !
! --------------------- !
do m = 4, ncnst
if( m .ne. ixnumliq .and. m .ne. ixnumice ) then
trmin = qmin(m)
#ifdef MODAL_AERO
do mm = 1, ntot_amode
if( m .eq. numptr_amode(mm) ) then
trmin = 1.e-5_r8
goto 55
endif
enddo
55 continue
#endif
trflx_d(0:mkx) = 0._r8
trflx_u(0:mkx) = 0._r8
do k = 1, mkx-1
if( cnst_get_type_byind(m) .eq. 'wet' ) then
pdelx = dp0(k)
else
pdelx = dpdry0(k)
endif
km1 = k - 1
dum = ( tr0(k,m) - trmin ) * pdelx / g / dt + trflx(km1,m) - trflx(k,m) + trflx_d(km1)
trflx_d(k) = min( 0._r8, dum )
enddo
do k = mkx, 2, -1
if( cnst_get_type_byind(m) .eq. 'wet' ) then
pdelx = dp0(k)
else
pdelx = dpdry0(k)
endif
km1 = k - 1
dum = ( tr0(k,m) - trmin ) * pdelx / g / dt + trflx(km1,m) - trflx(k,m) + &
trflx_d(km1) - trflx_d(k) - trflx_u(k)
trflx_u(km1) = max( 0._r8, -dum )
enddo
do k = 1, mkx
if( cnst_get_type_byind(m) .eq. 'wet' ) then
pdelx = dp0(k)
else
pdelx = dpdry0(k)
endif
km1 = k - 1
! Check : I should re-check whether '_u', '_d' are correctly ordered in
! the below tendency computation.
trten(k,m) = ( trflx(km1,m) - trflx(k,m) + &
trflx_d(km1) - trflx_d(k) + &
trflx_u(km1) - trflx_u(k) ) * g / pdelx
enddo
endif
enddo
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Cumpute default diagnostic outputs !
! Note that since 'qtu(krel-1:kpen-1)' & 'thlu(krel-1:kpen-1)' has !
! been adjusted after detraining cloud condensate into environment !
! during cumulus updraft motion, below calculations will exactly !
! reproduce in-cloud properties as shown in the output analysis. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
call conden(prel,thlu(krel-1),qtu(krel-1),thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
qcubelow = qlj + qij
qlubelow = qlj
qiubelow = qij
rcwp = 0._r8
rlwp = 0._r8
riwp = 0._r8
! --------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! In the below calculations, I explicitly considered cloud base ( LCL ) !
! and cloud top height ( ps0(kpen-1) + ppen ) !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------!
do k = krel, kpen ! This is a layer index
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Calculate cumulus condensate at the upper interface of each layer. !
! Note 'ppen < 0' and at 'k=kpen' layer, I used 'thlu_top'&'qtu_top' !
! which explicitly considered zero or non-zero 'fer(kpen)'. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
if( k .eq. kpen ) then
call conden(ps0(k-1)+ppen,thlu_top,qtu_top,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
else
call conden(ps0(k),thlu(k),qtu(k),thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
endif
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate in-cloud mean LWC ( qlu(k) ), IWC ( qiu(k) ), & layer !
! mean cumulus fraction ( cufrc(k) ), vertically-integrated layer !
! mean LWP and IWP. Expel some of in-cloud condensate at the upper !
! interface if it is largr than criqc. Note cumulus cloud fraction !
! is assumed to be twice of core updraft fractional area. Thus LWP !
! and IWP will be twice of actual value coming from our scheme. !
! ---------------------------------------------------------------- !
qcu(k) = 0.5_r8 * ( qcubelow + qlj + qij )
qlu(k) = 0.5_r8 * ( qlubelow + qlj )
qiu(k) = 0.5_r8 * ( qiubelow + qij )
cufrc(k) = ( ufrc(k-1) + ufrc(k) )
if( k .eq. krel ) then
cufrc(k) = ( ufrclcl + ufrc(k) )*( prel - ps0(k) )/( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) )
else if( k .eq. kpen ) then
cufrc(k) = ( ufrc(k-1) + 0._r8 )*( -ppen ) /( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) )
if( (qlj + qij) .gt. criqc ) then
qcu(k) = 0.5_r8 * ( qcubelow + criqc )
qlu(k) = 0.5_r8 * ( qlubelow + criqc * qlj / ( qlj + qij ) )
qiu(k) = 0.5_r8 * ( qiubelow + criqc * qij / ( qlj + qij ) )
endif
endif
rcwp = rcwp + ( qlu(k) + qiu(k) ) * ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) / g * cufrc(k)
rlwp = rlwp + qlu(k) * ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) / g * cufrc(k)
riwp = riwp + qiu(k) * ( ps0(k-1) - ps0(k) ) / g * cufrc(k)
qcubelow = qlj + qij
qlubelow = qlj
qiubelow = qij
end do
! ------------------------------------ !
! Cloud top and base interface indices !
! ------------------------------------ !
cnt = real( kpen, r8 )
cnb = real( krel - 1, r8 )
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! End of formal calculation. Below blocks are for implicit CIN calculations !
! with re-initialization and save variables at iter_cin = 1._r8 !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! --------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Adjust the original input profiles for implicit CIN calculation !
! --------------------------------------------------------------- !
if( iter .ne. iter_cin ) then
! ------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Save the output from "iter_cin = 1" !
! These output will be writed-out if "iter_cin = 1" was not performed !
! for some reasons. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------- !
qv0_s(:mkx) = qv0(:mkx) + qvten(:mkx) * dt
ql0_s(:mkx) = ql0(:mkx) + qlten(:mkx) * dt
qi0_s(:mkx) = qi0(:mkx) + qiten(:mkx) * dt
s0_s(:mkx) = s0(:mkx) + sten(:mkx) * dt
u0_s(:mkx) = u0(:mkx) + uten(:mkx) * dt
v0_s(:mkx) = v0(:mkx) + vten(:mkx) * dt
qt0_s(:mkx) = qv0_s(:mkx) + ql0_s(:mkx) + qi0_s(:mkx)
t0_s(:mkx) = t0(:mkx) + sten(:mkx) * dt / cp
do m = 1, ncnst
tr0_s(:mkx,m) = tr0(:mkx,m) + trten(:mkx,m) * dt
enddo
umf_s(0:mkx) = umf(0:mkx)
qvten_s(:mkx) = qvten(:mkx)
qlten_s(:mkx) = qlten(:mkx)
qiten_s(:mkx) = qiten(:mkx)
sten_s(:mkx) = sten(:mkx)
uten_s(:mkx) = uten(:mkx)
vten_s(:mkx) = vten(:mkx)
qrten_s(:mkx) = qrten(:mkx)
qsten_s(:mkx) = qsten(:mkx)
precip_s = precip
snow_s = snow
evapc_s(:mkx) = evapc(:mkx)
cush_s = cush
cufrc_s(:mkx) = cufrc(:mkx)
slflx_s(0:mkx) = slflx(0:mkx)
qtflx_s(0:mkx) = qtflx(0:mkx)
qcu_s(:mkx) = qcu(:mkx)
qlu_s(:mkx) = qlu(:mkx)
qiu_s(:mkx) = qiu(:mkx)
fer_s(:mkx) = fer(:mkx)
fdr_s(:mkx) = fdr(:mkx)
cin_s = cin
cinlcl_s = cinlcl
cbmf_s = cbmf
rliq_s = rliq
qc_s(:mkx) = qc(:mkx)
cnt_s = cnt
cnb_s = cnb
qtten_s(:mkx) = qtten(:mkx)
slten_s(:mkx) = slten(:mkx)
ufrc_s(0:mkx) = ufrc(0:mkx)
uflx_s(0:mkx) = uflx(0:mkx)
vflx_s(0:mkx) = vflx(0:mkx)
ufrcinvbase_s = ufrcinvbase
ufrclcl_s = ufrclcl
winvbase_s = winvbase
wlcl_s = wlcl
plcl_s = plcl
pinv_s = ps0(kinv-1)
plfc_s = plfc
pbup_s = ps0(kbup)
ppen_s = ps0(kpen-1) + ppen
qtsrc_s = qtsrc
thlsrc_s = thlsrc
thvlsrc_s = thvlsrc
emfkbup_s = emf(kbup)
cbmflimit_s = cbmflimit
tkeavg_s = tkeavg
zinv_s = zs0(kinv-1)
rcwp_s = rcwp
rlwp_s = rlwp
riwp_s = riwp
wu_s(0:mkx) = wu(0:mkx)
qtu_s(0:mkx) = qtu(0:mkx)
thlu_s(0:mkx) = thlu(0:mkx)
thvu_s(0:mkx) = thvu(0:mkx)
uu_s(0:mkx) = uu(0:mkx)
vu_s(0:mkx) = vu(0:mkx)
qtu_emf_s(0:mkx) = qtu_emf(0:mkx)
thlu_emf_s(0:mkx) = thlu_emf(0:mkx)
uu_emf_s(0:mkx) = uu_emf(0:mkx)
vu_emf_s(0:mkx) = vu_emf(0:mkx)
uemf_s(0:mkx) = uemf(0:mkx)
dwten_s(:mkx) = dwten(:mkx)
diten_s(:mkx) = diten(:mkx)
flxrain_s(0:mkx) = flxrain(0:mkx)
flxsnow_s(0:mkx) = flxsnow(0:mkx)
ntraprd_s(:mkx) = ntraprd(:mkx)
ntsnprd_s(:mkx) = ntsnprd(:mkx)
excessu_arr_s(:mkx) = excessu_arr(:mkx)
excess0_arr_s(:mkx) = excess0_arr(:mkx)
xc_arr_s(:mkx) = xc_arr(:mkx)
aquad_arr_s(:mkx) = aquad_arr(:mkx)
bquad_arr_s(:mkx) = bquad_arr(:mkx)
cquad_arr_s(:mkx) = cquad_arr(:mkx)
bogbot_arr_s(:mkx) = bogbot_arr(:mkx)
bogtop_arr_s(:mkx) = bogtop_arr(:mkx)
do m = 1, ncnst
trten_s(:mkx,m) = trten(:mkx,m)
trflx_s(0:mkx,m) = trflx(0:mkx,m)
tru_s(0:mkx,m) = tru(0:mkx,m)
tru_emf_s(0:mkx,m) = tru_emf(0:mkx,m)
enddo
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Recalculate environmental variables for new cin calculation at "iter_cin = 2" !
! using the updated state variables. Perform only for variables necessary for !
! the new cin calculation. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
qv0(:mkx) = qv0_s(:mkx)
ql0(:mkx) = ql0_s(:mkx)
qi0(:mkx) = qi0_s(:mkx)
s0(:mkx) = s0_s(:mkx)
t0(:mkx) = t0_s(:mkx)
qt0(:mkx) = (qv0(:mkx) + ql0(:mkx) + qi0(:mkx))
thl0(:mkx) = (t0(:mkx) - xlv*ql0(:mkx)/cp - xls*qi0(:mkx)/cp)/exn0(:mkx)
thvl0(:mkx) = (1._r8 + zvir*qt0(:mkx))*thl0(:mkx)
ssthl0 = slope(mkx,thl0,p0) ! Dimension of ssthl0(:mkx) is implicit
ssqt0 = slope(mkx,qt0 ,p0)
ssu0 = slope(mkx,u0 ,p0)
ssv0 = slope(mkx,v0 ,p0)
do m = 1, ncnst
sstr0(:mkx,m) = slope(mkx,tr0(:mkx,m),p0)
enddo
do k = 1, mkx
thl0bot = thl0(k) + ssthl0(k) * ( ps0(k-1) - p0(k) )
qt0bot = qt0(k) + ssqt0(k) * ( ps0(k-1) - p0(k) )
call conden(ps0(k-1),thl0bot,qt0bot,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thv0bot(k) = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir*qvj - qlj - qij )
thvl0bot(k) = thl0bot * ( 1._r8 + zvir*qt0bot )
thl0top = thl0(k) + ssthl0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) )
qt0top = qt0(k) + ssqt0(k) * ( ps0(k) - p0(k) )
call conden(ps0(k),thl0top,qt0top,thj,qvj,qlj,qij,qse,id_check,qsat)
if( id_check .eq. 1 ) then
exit_conden(i) = 1._r8
id_exit = .true.
go to 333
end if
thv0top(k) = thj * ( 1._r8 + zvir*qvj - qlj - qij )
thvl0top(k) = thl0top * ( 1._r8 + zvir*qt0top )
end do
endif ! End of 'if(iter .ne. iter_cin)' if sentence.
end do ! End of implicit CIN loop (cin_iter)
! ----------------------- !
! Update Output Variables !
! ----------------------- !
umf_out(i,0:mkx) = umf(0:mkx)
slflx_out(i,0:mkx) = slflx(0:mkx)
qtflx_out(i,0:mkx) = qtflx(0:mkx)
!the indices are not reversed, these variables go into compute_mcshallow_inv, this is why they are called "flxprc1" and "flxsnow1".
flxprc1_out(i,0:mkx) = flxrain(0:mkx) + flxsnow(0:mkx)
flxsnow1_out(i,0:mkx) = flxsnow(0:mkx)
qvten_out(i,:mkx) = qvten(:mkx)
qlten_out(i,:mkx) = qlten(:mkx)
qiten_out(i,:mkx) = qiten(:mkx)
sten_out(i,:mkx) = sten(:mkx)
uten_out(i,:mkx) = uten(:mkx)
vten_out(i,:mkx) = vten(:mkx)
qrten_out(i,:mkx) = qrten(:mkx)
qsten_out(i,:mkx) = qsten(:mkx)
precip_out(i) = precip
snow_out(i) = snow
evapc_out(i,:mkx) = evapc(:mkx)
cufrc_out(i,:mkx) = cufrc(:mkx)
qcu_out(i,:mkx) = qcu(:mkx)
qlu_out(i,:mkx) = qlu(:mkx)
qiu_out(i,:mkx) = qiu(:mkx)
cush_inout(i) = cush
cbmf_out(i) = cbmf
rliq_out(i) = rliq
qc_out(i,:mkx) = qc(:mkx)
cnt_out(i) = cnt
cnb_out(i) = cnb
do m = 1, ncnst
trten_out(i,:mkx,m) = trten(:mkx,m)
enddo
! ------------------------------------------------- !
! Below are specific diagnostic output for detailed !
! analysis of cumulus scheme !
! ------------------------------------------------- !
fer_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = fer(:mkx)
fdr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = fdr(:mkx)
cinh_out(i) = cin
cinlclh_out(i) = cinlcl
qtten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = qtten(:mkx)
slten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = slten(:mkx)
ufrc_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = ufrc(0:mkx)
uflx_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = uflx(0:mkx)
vflx_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = vflx(0:mkx)
ufrcinvbase_out(i) = ufrcinvbase
ufrclcl_out(i) = ufrclcl
winvbase_out(i) = winvbase
wlcl_out(i) = wlcl
plcl_out(i) = plcl
pinv_out(i) = ps0(kinv-1)
plfc_out(i) = plfc
pbup_out(i) = ps0(kbup)
ppen_out(i) = ps0(kpen-1) + ppen
qtsrc_out(i) = qtsrc
thlsrc_out(i) = thlsrc
thvlsrc_out(i) = thvlsrc
emfkbup_out(i) = emf(kbup)
cbmflimit_out(i) = cbmflimit
tkeavg_out(i) = tkeavg
zinv_out(i) = zs0(kinv-1)
rcwp_out(i) = rcwp
rlwp_out(i) = rlwp
riwp_out(i) = riwp
wu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = wu(0:mkx)
qtu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = qtu(0:mkx)
thlu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = thlu(0:mkx)
thvu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = thvu(0:mkx)
uu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = uu(0:mkx)
vu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = vu(0:mkx)
qtu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = qtu_emf(0:mkx)
thlu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = thlu_emf(0:mkx)
uu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = uu_emf(0:mkx)
vu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = vu_emf(0:mkx)
uemf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = uemf(0:mkx)
dwten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = dwten(:mkx)
diten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = diten(:mkx)
flxrain_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = flxrain(0:mkx)
flxsnow_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = flxsnow(0:mkx)
ntraprd_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = ntraprd(:mkx)
ntsnprd_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = ntsnprd(:mkx)
excessu_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = excessu_arr(:mkx)
excess0_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = excess0_arr(:mkx)
xc_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = xc_arr(:mkx)
aquad_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = aquad_arr(:mkx)
bquad_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = bquad_arr(:mkx)
cquad_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = cquad_arr(:mkx)
bogbot_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = bogbot_arr(:mkx)
bogtop_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = bogtop_arr(:mkx)
do m = 1, ncnst
trflx_out(i,mkx:0:-1,m) = trflx(0:mkx,m)
tru_out(i,mkx:0:-1,m) = tru(0:mkx,m)
tru_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1,m) = tru_emf(0:mkx,m)
enddo
333 if(id_exit) then ! Exit without cumulus convection
exit_UWCu(i) = 1._r8
! --------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Initialize output variables when cumulus convection was not performed.!
! --------------------------------------------------------------------- !
umf_out(i,0:mkx) = 0._r8
slflx_out(i,0:mkx) = 0._r8
qtflx_out(i,0:mkx) = 0._r8
qvten_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
qlten_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
qiten_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
sten_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
uten_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
vten_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
qrten_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
qsten_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
precip_out(i) = 0._r8
snow_out(i) = 0._r8
evapc_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
cufrc_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
qcu_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
qlu_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
qiu_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
cush_inout(i) = -1._r8
cbmf_out(i) = 0._r8
rliq_out(i) = 0._r8
qc_out(i,:mkx) = 0._r8
cnt_out(i) = 1._r8
cnb_out(i) = real(mkx, r8)
fer_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
fdr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
cinh_out(i) = -1._r8
cinlclh_out(i) = -1._r8
qtten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
slten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
ufrc_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
uflx_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
vflx_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
ufrcinvbase_out(i) = 0._r8
ufrclcl_out(i) = 0._r8
winvbase_out(i) = 0._r8
wlcl_out(i) = 0._r8
plcl_out(i) = 0._r8
pinv_out(i) = 0._r8
plfc_out(i) = 0._r8
pbup_out(i) = 0._r8
ppen_out(i) = 0._r8
qtsrc_out(i) = 0._r8
thlsrc_out(i) = 0._r8
thvlsrc_out(i) = 0._r8
emfkbup_out(i) = 0._r8
cbmflimit_out(i) = 0._r8
tkeavg_out(i) = 0._r8
zinv_out(i) = 0._r8
rcwp_out(i) = 0._r8
rlwp_out(i) = 0._r8
riwp_out(i) = 0._r8
wu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
qtu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
thlu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
thvu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
uu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
vu_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
qtu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
thlu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
uu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
vu_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
uemf_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
dwten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
diten_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
flxrain_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
flxsnow_out(i,mkx:0:-1) = 0._r8
ntraprd_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
ntsnprd_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
excessu_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
excess0_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
xc_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
aquad_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
bquad_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
cquad_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
bogbot_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
bogtop_arr_out(i,mkx:1:-1) = 0._r8
do m = 1, ncnst
trten_out(i,:mkx,m) = 0._r8
trflx_out(i,mkx:0:-1,m) = 0._r8
tru_out(i,mkx:0:-1,m) = 0._r8
tru_emf_out(i,mkx:0:-1,m) = 0._r8
enddo
end if
end do ! end of big i loop for each column.
! ---------------------------------------- !
! Writing main diagnostic output variables !
! ---------------------------------------- !
call outfld( 'qtflx_Cu' , qtflx_out(:,mkx:0:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'slflx_Cu' , slflx_out(:,mkx:0:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'uflx_Cu' , uflx_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'vflx_Cu' , vflx_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qtten_Cu' , qtten_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'slten_Cu' , slten_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'uten_Cu' , uten_out(:,mkx:1:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'vten_Cu' , vten_out(:,mkx:1:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qvten_Cu' , qvten_out(:,mkx:1:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qlten_Cu' , qlten_out(:,mkx:1:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qiten_Cu' , qiten_out(:,mkx:1:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'cbmf_Cu' , cbmf_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'ufrcinvbase_Cu' , ufrcinvbase_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'ufrclcl_Cu' , ufrclcl_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'winvbase_Cu' , winvbase_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'wlcl_Cu' , wlcl_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'plcl_Cu' , plcl_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'pinv_Cu' , pinv_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'plfc_Cu' , plfc_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'pbup_Cu' , pbup_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'ppen_Cu' , ppen_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qtsrc_Cu' , qtsrc_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'thlsrc_Cu' , thlsrc_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'thvlsrc_Cu' , thvlsrc_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'emfkbup_Cu' , emfkbup_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'cin_Cu' , cinh_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'cinlcl_Cu' , cinlclh_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'cbmflimit_Cu' , cbmflimit_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'tkeavg_Cu' , tkeavg_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'zinv_Cu' , zinv_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'rcwp_Cu' , rcwp_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'rlwp_Cu' , rlwp_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'riwp_Cu' , riwp_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'tophgt_Cu' , cush_inout, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'wu_Cu' , wu_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'ufrc_Cu' , ufrc_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qtu_Cu' , qtu_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'thlu_Cu' , thlu_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'thvu_Cu' , thvu_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'uu_Cu' , uu_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'vu_Cu' , vu_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qtu_emf_Cu' , qtu_emf_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'thlu_emf_Cu' , thlu_emf_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'uu_emf_Cu' , uu_emf_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'vu_emf_Cu' , vu_emf_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'umf_Cu' , umf_out(:,mkx:0:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'uemf_Cu' , uemf_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qcu_Cu' , qcu_out(:,mkx:1:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qlu_Cu' , qlu_out(:,mkx:1:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qiu_Cu' , qiu_out(:,mkx:1:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'cufrc_Cu' , cufrc_out(:,mkx:1:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'fer_Cu' , fer_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'fdr_Cu' , fdr_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'dwten_Cu' , dwten_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'diten_Cu' , diten_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qrten_Cu' , qrten_out(:,mkx:1:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'qsten_Cu' , qsten_out(:,mkx:1:-1), mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'flxrain_Cu' , flxrain_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'flxsnow_Cu' , flxsnow_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'ntraprd_Cu' , ntraprd_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'ntsnprd_Cu' , ntsnprd_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'excessu_Cu' , excessu_arr_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'excess0_Cu' , excess0_arr_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'xc_Cu' , xc_arr_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'aquad_Cu' , aquad_arr_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'bquad_Cu' , bquad_arr_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'cquad_Cu' , cquad_arr_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'bogbot_Cu' , bogbot_arr_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'bogtop_Cu' , bogtop_arr_out, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'exit_UWCu_Cu' , exit_UWCu, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'exit_conden_Cu' , exit_conden, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'exit_klclmkx_Cu' , exit_klclmkx, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'exit_klfcmkx_Cu' , exit_klfcmkx, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'exit_ufrc_Cu' , exit_ufrc, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'exit_wtw_Cu' , exit_wtw, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'exit_drycore_Cu' , exit_drycore, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'exit_wu_Cu' , exit_wu, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'exit_cufilter_Cu', exit_cufilter, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'exit_kinv1_Cu' , exit_kinv1, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'exit_rei_Cu' , exit_rei, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'limit_shcu_Cu' , limit_shcu, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'limit_negcon_Cu' , limit_negcon, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'limit_ufrc_Cu' , limit_ufrc, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'limit_ppen_Cu' , limit_ppen, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'limit_emf_Cu' , limit_emf, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'limit_cinlcl_Cu' , limit_cinlcl, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'limit_cin_Cu' , limit_cin, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'limit_cbmf_Cu' , limit_cbmf, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'limit_rei_Cu' , limit_rei, mix, lchnk )
call outfld( 'ind_delcin_Cu' , ind_delcin, mix, lchnk )
return
end subroutine compute_uwshcu
! ------------------------------ !
! !
! Beginning of subroutine blocks !
! !
! ------------------------------ !
subroutine getbuoy(pbot,thv0bot,ptop,thv0top,thvubot,thvutop,plfc,cin) 3
! ----------------------------------------------------------- !
! Subroutine to calculate integrated CIN [ J/kg = m2/s2 ] and !
! 'cinlcl, plfc' if any. Assume 'thv' is linear in each layer !
! both for cumulus and environment. Note that this subroutine !
! only include positive CIN in calculation - if there are any !
! negative CIN, it is assumed to be zero. This is slightly !
! different from 'single_cin' below, where both positive and !
! negative CIN are included. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------- !
real(r8) pbot,thv0bot,ptop,thv0top,thvubot,thvutop,plfc,cin,frc
if( thvubot .gt. thv0bot .and. thvutop .gt. thv0top ) then
plfc = pbot
return
elseif( thvubot .le. thv0bot .and. thvutop .le. thv0top ) then
cin = cin - ( (thvubot/thv0bot - 1._r8) + (thvutop/thv0top - 1._r8)) * (pbot - ptop) / &
( pbot/(r*thv0bot*exnf(pbot)) + ptop/(r*thv0top*exnf(ptop)) )
elseif( thvubot .gt. thv0bot .and. thvutop .le. thv0top ) then
frc = ( thvutop/thv0top - 1._r8 ) / ( (thvutop/thv0top - 1._r8) - (thvubot/thv0bot - 1._r8) )
cin = cin - ( thvutop/thv0top - 1._r8 ) * ( (ptop + frc*(pbot - ptop)) - ptop ) / &
( pbot/(r*thv0bot*exnf(pbot)) + ptop/(r*thv0top*exnf(ptop)) )
else
frc = ( thvubot/thv0bot - 1._r8 ) / ( (thvubot/thv0bot - 1._r8) - (thvutop/thv0top - 1._r8) )
plfc = pbot - frc * ( pbot - ptop )
cin = cin - ( thvubot/thv0bot - 1._r8)*(pbot - plfc)/ &
( pbot/(r*thv0bot*exnf(pbot)) + ptop/(r*thv0top * exnf(ptop)))
endif
return
end subroutine getbuoy
function single_cin(pbot,thv0bot,ptop,thv0top,thvubot,thvutop)
! ------------------------------------------------------- !
! Function to calculate a single layer CIN by summing all !
! positive and negative CIN. !
! ------------------------------------------------------- !
real(r8) :: single_cin
real(r8) pbot,thv0bot,ptop,thv0top,thvubot,thvutop
single_cin = ( (1._r8 - thvubot/thv0bot) + (1._r8 - thvutop/thv0top)) * ( pbot - ptop ) / &
( pbot/(r*thv0bot*exnf(pbot)) + ptop/(r*thv0top*exnf(ptop)) )
return
end function single_cin
subroutine conden(p,thl,qt,th,qv,ql,qi,rvls,id_check,qsat) 26
! --------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Calculate thermodynamic properties from a given set of ( p, thl, qt ) !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------- !
implicit none
real(r8), intent(in) :: p
real(r8), intent(in) :: thl
real(r8), intent(in) :: qt
real(r8), intent(out) :: th
real(r8), intent(out) :: qv
real(r8), intent(out) :: ql
real(r8), intent(out) :: qi
real(r8), intent(out) :: rvls
integer , intent(out) :: id_check
integer , external :: qsat
real(r8) :: tc,temps,t
real(r8) :: leff, nu, qc
integer :: iteration
real(r8) :: es(1) ! Saturation vapor pressure
real(r8) :: qs(1) ! Saturation spec. humidity
real(r8) :: gam(1) ! (L/cp)*dqs/dT
integer :: status ! Return status of qsat call
tc = thl*exnf(p)
! Modification : In order to be compatible with the dlf treatment in stratiform.F90,
! we may use ( 268.15, 238.15 ) with 30K ramping instead of 20 K,
! in computing ice fraction below.
! Note that 'cldwat_fice' uses ( 243.15, 263.15 ) with 20K ramping for stratus.
nu = max(min((268._r8 - tc)/20._r8,1.0_r8),0.0_r8) ! Fraction of ice in the condensate.
leff = (1._r8 - nu)*xlv + nu*xls ! This is an estimate that hopefully speeds convergence
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Below "temps" and "rvls" are just initial guesses for iteration loop below. !
! Note that the output "temps" from the below iteration loop is "temperature" !
! NOT "liquid temperature". !
! --------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
temps = tc
status = qsat(temps,p,es(1),qs(1),gam(1), 1)
rvls = qs(1)
if( qs(1) .ge. qt ) then
id_check = 0
qv = qt
qc = 0._r8
ql = 0._r8
qi = 0._r8
th = tc/exnf(p)
else
do iteration = 1, 10
temps = temps + ( (tc-temps)*cp/leff + qt - rvls )/( cp/leff + ep2*leff*rvls/r/temps/temps )
status = qsat(temps,p,es(1),qs(1),gam(1),1)
rvls = qs(1)
end do
qc = max(qt - qs(1),0._r8)
qv = qt - qc
ql = qc*(1._r8 - nu)
qi = nu*qc
th = temps/exnf(p)
if( abs((temps-(leff/cp)*qc)-tc) .ge. 1._r8 ) then
id_check = 1
else
id_check = 0
end if
end if
return
end subroutine conden
subroutine roots(a,b,c,r1,r2,status) 3
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
! Subroutine to solve the second order polynomial equation. !
! I should check this subroutine later. !
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
real(r8), intent(in) :: a
real(r8), intent(in) :: b
real(r8), intent(in) :: c
real(r8), intent(out) :: r1
real(r8), intent(out) :: r2
integer , intent(out) :: status
real(r8) :: q
status = 0
if( a .eq. 0._r8 ) then ! Form b*x + c = 0
if( b .eq. 0._r8 ) then ! Failure: c = 0
status = 1
else ! b*x + c = 0
r1 = -c/b
endif
r2 = r1
else
if( b .eq. 0._r8 ) then ! Form a*x**2 + c = 0
if( a*c .gt. 0._r8 ) then ! Failure: x**2 = -c/a < 0
status = 2
else ! x**2 = -c/a
r1 = sqrt(-c/a)
endif
r2 = -r1
else ! Form a*x**2 + b*x + c = 0
if( (b**2 - 4._r8*a*c) .lt. 0._r8 ) then ! Failure, no real roots
status = 3
else
q = -0.5_r8*(b + sign(1.0_r8,b)*sqrt(b**2 - 4._r8*a*c))
r1 = q/a
r2 = c/q
endif
endif
endif
return
end subroutine roots
function slope(mkx,field,p0) 11,1
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
! Function performing profile reconstruction of conservative scalars !
! in each layer. This is identical to profile reconstruction used in !
! UW-PBL scheme but from bottom to top layer here. At the lowest !
! layer near to surface, slope is defined using the two lowest layer !
! mid-point values. I checked this subroutine and it is correct. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------ !
real(r8) :: slope(mkx)
integer, intent(in) :: mkx
real(r8), intent(in) :: field(mkx)
real(r8), intent(in) :: p0(mkx)
real(r8) :: below
real(r8) :: above
integer :: k
below = ( field(2) - field(1) ) / ( p0(2) - p0(1) )
do k = 2, mkx
above = ( field(k) - field(k-1) ) / ( p0(k) - p0(k-1) )
if( above .gt. 0._r8 ) then
slope(k-1) = max(0._r8,min(above,below))
else
slope(k-1) = min(0._r8,max(above,below))
end if
below = above
end do
slope(mkx) = slope(mkx-1)
return
end function slope
function qsinvert(qt,thl,psfc,qsat) 1,3
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Function calculating saturation pressure ps (or pLCL) from qt and !
! thl ( liquid potential temperature, NOT liquid virtual potential !
! temperature) by inverting Bolton formula. I should check later if !
! current use of 'leff' instead of 'xlv' here is reasonable or not. !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------- !
real(r8) :: qsinvert
real(r8) qt, thl, psfc
real(r8) ps, Pis, Ts, err, dlnqsdT, dTdPis
real(r8) dPisdps, dlnqsdps, derrdps, dps
real(r8) Ti, rhi, TLCL, PiLCL, psmin, dpsmax
integer i
integer, external :: qsat
real(r8) :: es(1) ! saturation vapor pressure
real(r8) :: qs(1) ! saturation spec. humidity
real(r8) :: gam(1) ! (L/cp)*dqs/dT
integer :: status ! return status of qsat call
real(r8) :: leff, nu
psmin = 100._r8*100._r8 ! Default saturation pressure [Pa] if iteration does not converge
dpsmax = 1._r8 ! Tolerance [Pa] for convergence of iteration
! ------------------------------------ !
! Calculate best initial guess of pLCL !
! ------------------------------------ !
Ti = thl*(psfc/p00)**rovcp
status = qsat(Ti,psfc,es(1),qs(1),gam(1),1)
rhi = qt/qs(1)
if( rhi .le. 0.01_r8 ) then
write(iulog,*) 'Source air is too dry and pLCL is set to psmin in uwshcu.F90'
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
qsinvert = psmin
return
end if
TLCL = 55._r8 + 1._r8/(1._r8/(Ti-55._r8)-log(rhi)/2840._r8); ! Bolton's formula. MWR.1980.Eq.(22)
PiLCL = TLCL/thl
ps = p00*(PiLCL)**(1._r8/rovcp)
do i = 1, 10
Pis = (ps/p00)**rovcp
Ts = thl*Pis
status = qsat(Ts,ps,es(1),qs(1),gam(1),1)
err = qt - qs(1)
nu = max(min((268._r8 - Ts)/20._r8,1.0_r8),0.0_r8)
leff = (1._r8 - nu)*xlv + nu*xls
dlnqsdT = gam(1)*(cp/leff)/qs(1)
dTdPis = thl
dPisdps = rovcp*Pis/ps
dlnqsdps = -1._r8/(ps - (1._r8 - ep2)*es(1))
derrdps = -qs(1)*(dlnqsdT * dTdPis * dPisdps + dlnqsdps)
dps = -err/derrdps
ps = ps + dps
if( ps .lt. 0._r8 ) then
write(iulog,*) 'pLCL iteration is negative and set to psmin in uwshcu.F90', qt, thl, psfc
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
qsinvert = psmin
return
end if
if( abs(dps) .le. dpsmax ) then
qsinvert = ps
return
end if
end do
write(iulog,*) 'pLCL does not converge and is set to psmin in uwshcu.F90', qt, thl, psfc
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
qsinvert = psmin
return
end function qsinvert
real(r8) function compute_alpha(del_CIN,ke) 1
! ------------------------------------------------ !
! Subroutine to compute proportionality factor for !
! implicit CIN calculation. !
! ------------------------------------------------ !
real(r8) :: del_CIN, ke
real(r8) :: x0, x1
integer :: iteration
x0 = 0._r8
do iteration = 1, 10
x1 = x0 - (exp(-x0*ke*del_CIN) - x0)/(-ke*del_CIN*exp(-x0*ke*del_CIN) - 1._r8)
x0 = x1
end do
compute_alpha = x0
return
end function compute_alpha
real(r8) function compute_mumin2(mulcl,rmaxfrac,mulow) 1
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
! Subroutine to compute critical 'mu' (normalized CIN) such !
! that updraft fraction at the LCL is equal to 'rmaxfrac'. !
! --------------------------------------------------------- !
real(r8) :: mulcl, rmaxfrac, mulow
real(r8) :: x0, x1, ex, ef, exf, f, fs
integer :: iteration
x0 = mulow
do iteration = 1, 10
ex = exp(-x0**2)
ef = erfc(x0)
! if(x0.ge.3._r8) then
! compute_mumin2 = 3._r8
! goto 20
! endif
exf = ex/ef
f = 0.5_r8*exf**2 - 0.5_r8*(ex/2._r8/rmaxfrac)**2 - (mulcl*2.5066_r8/2._r8)**2
fs = (2._r8*exf**2)*(exf/sqrt(3.141592_r8)-x0) + (0.5_r8*x0*ex**2)/(rmaxfrac**2)
x1 = x0 - f/fs
x0 = x1
end do
compute_mumin2 = x0
20 return
end function compute_mumin2
real(r8) function compute_ppen(wtwb,D,bogbot,bogtop,rho0j,dpen) 1
! ----------------------------------------------------------- !
! Subroutine to compute critical 'ppen[Pa]<0' ( pressure dis. !
! from 'ps0(kpen-1)' to the cumulus top where cumulus updraft !
! vertical velocity is exactly zero ) by considering exact !
! non-zero fer(kpen). !
! ----------------------------------------------------------- !
real(r8) :: wtwb, D, bogbot, bogtop, rho0j, dpen
real(r8) :: x0, x1, f, fs, SB, s00
integer :: iteration
! Buoyancy slope
SB = ( bogtop - bogbot ) / dpen
! Sign of slope, 'f' at x = 0
! If 's00>0', 'w' increases with height.
s00 = bogbot / rho0j - D * wtwb
if( D*dpen .lt. 1.e-8 ) then
if( s00 .ge. 0._r8 ) then
x0 = dpen
else
x0 = max(0._r8,min(dpen,-0.5_r8*wtwb/s00))
endif
else
if( s00 .ge. 0._r8 ) then
x0 = dpen
else
x0 = 0._r8
endif
do iteration = 1, 5
f = exp(-2._r8*D*x0)*(wtwb-(bogbot-SB/(2._r8*D))/(D*rho0j)) + &
(SB*x0+bogbot-SB/(2._r8*D))/(D*rho0j)
fs = -2._r8*D*exp(-2._r8*D*x0)*(wtwb-(bogbot-SB/(2._r8*D))/(D*rho0j)) + &
(SB)/(D*rho0j)
if( fs .ge. 0._r8 ) then
fs = max(fs, 1.e-10_r8)
else
fs = min(fs,-1.e-10_r8)
endif
x1 = x0 - f/fs
x0 = x1
end do
endif
compute_ppen = -max(0._r8,min(dpen,x0))
end function compute_ppen
subroutine fluxbelowinv(cbmf,ps0,mkx,kinv,dt,xsrc,xmean,xtopin,xbotin,xflx) 5
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Subroutine to calculate turbulent fluxes at and below 'kinv-1' interfaces.!
! Check in the main program such that input 'cbmf' should not be zero. !
! If the reconstructed inversion height does not go down below the 'kinv-1' !
! interface, then turbulent flux at 'kinv-1' interface is simply a product !
! of 'cmbf' and 'qtsrc-xbot' where 'xbot' is the value at the top interface !
! of 'kinv-1' layer. This flux is linearly interpolated down to the surface !
! assuming turbulent fluxes at surface are zero. If reconstructed inversion !
! height goes down below the 'kinv-1' interface, subsidence warming &drying !
! measured by 'xtop-xbot', where 'xtop' is the value at the base interface !
! of 'kinv+1' layer, is added ONLY to the 'kinv-1' layer, using appropriate !
! mass weighting ( rpinv and rcbmf, or rr = rpinv / rcbmf ) between current !
! and next provisional time step. Also impose a limiter to enforce outliers !
! of thermodynamic variables in 'kinv' layer to come back to normal values !
! at the next step. !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
integer, intent(in) :: mkx, kinv
real(r8), intent(in) :: cbmf, dt, xsrc, xmean, xtopin, xbotin
real(r8), intent(in), dimension(0:mkx) :: ps0
real(r8), intent(out), dimension(0:mkx) :: xflx
integer k
real(r8) rcbmf, rpeff, dp, rr, pinv_eff, xtop, xbot, pinv, xtop_ori, xbot_ori
xflx(0:mkx) = 0._r8
dp = ps0(kinv-1) - ps0(kinv)
#ifndef WRF_PORT
if( abs(xbotin-xtopin) .le. 1.e-13_r8 ) then
xbot = xbotin - 1.e-13_r8
xtop = xtopin + 1.e-13_r8
else
xbot = xbotin
xtop = xtopin
endif
#else
xbot = xbotin
xtop = xtopin
#endif
! -------------------------------------- !
! Compute reconstructed inversion height !
! -------------------------------------- !
xtop_ori = xtop
xbot_ori = xbot
rcbmf = ( cbmf * g * dt ) / dp ! Can be larger than 1 : 'OK'
#ifndef WRF_PORT
rpeff = ( xmean - xtop ) / ( xbot - xtop )
#else
rpeff = ( xmean - xtop ) / max(1.e-13_r8, (xbot - xtop) )
rpeff = abs(rpeff)
#endif
rpeff = min( max(0._r8,rpeff), 1._r8 ) ! As of this, 0<= rpeff <= 1
if( rpeff .eq. 0._r8 .or. rpeff .eq. 1._r8 ) then
xbot = xmean
xtop = xmean
endif
! Below two commented-out lines are the old code replacing the above 'if' block.
! if(rpeff.eq.1) xbot = xmean
! if(rpeff.eq.0) xtop = xmean
rr = rpeff / rcbmf
pinv = ps0(kinv-1) - rpeff * dp ! "pinv" before detraining mass
pinv_eff = ps0(kinv-1) + ( rcbmf - rpeff ) * dp ! Effective "pinv" after detraining mass
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! Compute turbulent fluxes. !
! Below two cases exactly converges at 'kinv-1' interface when rr = 1._r8 !
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------- !
do k = 0, kinv - 1
xflx(k) = cbmf * ( xsrc - xbot ) * ( ps0(0) - ps0(k) ) / ( ps0(0) - pinv )
end do
if( rr .le. 1._r8 ) then
xflx(kinv-1) = xflx(kinv-1) - ( 1._r8 - rr ) * cbmf * ( xtop_ori - xbot_ori )
endif
return
end subroutine fluxbelowinv
subroutine positive_moisture_single( xlv, xls, mkx, dt, qvmin, qlmin, qimin, dp, qv, ql, qi, s, qvten, qlten, qiten, sten ) 1,1
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
! If any 'ql < qlmin, qi < qimin, qv < qvmin' are developed in any layer, !
! force them to be larger than minimum value by (1) condensating water vapor !
! into liquid or ice, and (2) by transporting water vapor from the very lower !
! layer. '2._r8' is multiplied to the minimum values for safety. !
! Update final state variables and tendencies associated with this correction. !
! If any condensation happens, update (s,t) too. !
! Note that (qv,ql,qi,s) are final state variables after applying corresponding !
! input tendencies and corrective tendencies !
! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
implicit none
integer, intent(in) :: mkx
real(r8), intent(in) :: xlv, xls
real(r8), intent(in) :: dt, qvmin, qlmin, qimin
real(r8), intent(in) :: dp(mkx)
real(r8), intent(inout) :: qv(mkx), ql(mkx), qi(mkx), s(mkx)
real(r8), intent(inout) :: qvten(mkx), qlten(mkx), qiten(mkx), sten(mkx)
integer k
real(r8) dql, dqi, dqv, sum, aa, dum
do k = mkx, 1, -1 ! From the top to the 1st (lowest) layer from the surface
dql = max(0._r8,1._r8*qlmin-ql(k))
dqi = max(0._r8,1._r8*qimin-qi(k))
qlten(k) = qlten(k) + dql/dt
qiten(k) = qiten(k) + dqi/dt
qvten(k) = qvten(k) - (dql+dqi)/dt
sten(k) = sten(k) + xlv * (dql/dt) + xls * (dqi/dt)
ql(k) = ql(k) + dql
qi(k) = qi(k) + dqi
qv(k) = qv(k) - dql - dqi
s(k) = s(k) + xlv * dql + xls * dqi
dqv = max(0._r8,1._r8*qvmin-qv(k))
qvten(k) = qvten(k) + dqv/dt
qv(k) = qv(k) + dqv
if( k .ne. 1 ) then
qv(k-1) = qv(k-1) - dqv*dp(k)/dp(k-1)
qvten(k-1) = qvten(k-1) - dqv*dp(k)/dp(k-1)/dt
endif
qv(k) = max(qv(k),qvmin)
ql(k) = max(ql(k),qlmin)
qi(k) = max(qi(k),qimin)
end do
! Extra moisture used to satisfy 'qv(i,1)=qvmin' is proportionally
! extracted from all the layers that has 'qv > 2*qvmin'. This fully
! preserves column moisture.
if( dqv .gt. 1.e-20_r8 ) then
sum = 0._r8
do k = 1, mkx
if( qv(k) .gt. 2._r8*qvmin ) sum = sum + qv(k)*dp(k)
enddo
aa = dqv*dp(1)/max(1.e-20_r8,sum)
if( aa .lt. 0.5_r8 ) then
do k = 1, mkx
if( qv(k) .gt. 2._r8*qvmin ) then
dum = aa*qv(k)
qv(k) = qv(k) - dum
qvten(k) = qvten(k) - dum/dt
endif
enddo
else
write(iulog,*) 'Full positive_moisture is impossible in uwshcu'
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
endif
endif
return
end subroutine positive_moisture_single
subroutine findsp (lchnk, ncol, q, t, p, tsp, qsp) 2,35
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
!
! Purpose:
! find the wet bulb temperature for a given t and q
! in a longitude height section
! wet bulb temp is the temperature and spec humidity that is
! just saturated and has the same enthalpy
! if q > qs(t) then tsp > t and qsp = qs(tsp) < q
! if q < qs(t) then tsp < t and qsp = qs(tsp) > q
!
! Method:
! a Newton method is used
! first guess uses an algorithm provided by John Petch from the UKMO
! we exclude points where the physical situation is unrealistic
! e.g. where the temperature is outside the range of validity for the
! saturation vapor pressure, or where the water vapor pressure
! exceeds the ambient pressure, or the saturation specific humidity is
! unrealistic
!
! Author: P. Rasch
!
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
use wv_saturation, only: estblf, hlatv, tmin, hlatf, rgasv, pcf, &
cp, epsqs, ttrice
!
! input arguments
!
integer, intent(in) :: lchnk ! chunk identifier
integer, intent(in) :: ncol ! number of atmospheric columns
real(r8), intent(in) :: q(pcols,pver) ! water vapor (kg/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: t(pcols,pver) ! temperature (K)
real(r8), intent(in) :: p(pcols,pver) ! pressure (Pa)
!
! output arguments
!
real(r8), intent(out) :: tsp(pcols,pver) ! saturation temp (K)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qsp(pcols,pver) ! saturation mixing ratio (kg/kg)
!
! local variables
!
integer i ! work variable
integer k ! work variable
logical lflg ! work variable
integer iter ! work variable
integer l ! work variable
logical :: error_found
real(r8) omeps ! 1 minus epsilon
real(r8) trinv ! work variable
real(r8) es ! sat. vapor pressure
real(r8) desdt ! change in sat vap pressure wrt temperature
! real(r8) desdp ! change in sat vap pressure wrt pressure
real(r8) dqsdt ! change in sat spec. hum. wrt temperature
real(r8) dgdt ! work variable
real(r8) g ! work variable
real(r8) weight(pcols) ! work variable
real(r8) hlatsb ! (sublimation)
real(r8) hlatvp ! (vaporization)
real(r8) hltalt(pcols,pver) ! lat. heat. of vap.
real(r8) tterm ! work var.
real(r8) qs ! spec. hum. of water vapor
real(r8) tc ! crit temp of transition to ice
real(r8) tt0
! work variables
real(r8) t1, q1, dt, dq
real(r8) dtm, dqm
real(r8) qvd, a1, tmp
real(r8) rair
real(r8) r1b, c1, c2, c3
real(r8) denom
real(r8) dttol
real(r8) dqtol
integer doit(pcols)
real(r8) enin(pcols), enout(pcols)
real(r8) tlim(pcols)
omeps = 1.0_r8 - epsqs
trinv = 1.0_r8/ttrice
a1 = 7.5_r8*log(10._r8)
rair = 287.04_r8
c3 = rair*a1/cp
dtm = 0._r8 ! needed for iter=0 blowup with f90 -ei
dqm = 0._r8 ! needed for iter=0 blowup with f90 -ei
dttol = 1.e-4_r8 ! the relative temp error tolerance required to quit the iteration
dqtol = 1.e-4_r8 ! the relative moisture error tolerance required to quit the iteration
tt0 = 273.15_r8 ! Freezing temperature
! tmin = 173.16 ! the coldest temperature we can deal with
!
! max number of times to iterate the calculation
iter = 8
!
do k = 1,pver
!
! first guess on the wet bulb temperature
!
do i = 1,ncol
#ifdef DEBUG
if ( (lchnk == lchnklook(nlook) ) .and. (i == icollook(nlook) ) ) then
write(iulog,*) ' '
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
write(iulog,*) ' level, t, q, p', k, t(i,k), q(i,k), p(i,k)
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
endif
#endif
! limit the temperature range to that relevant to the sat vap pres tables
#if ( ! defined WACCM_MOZART )
tlim(i) = min(max(t(i,k),173._r8),373._r8)
#else
tlim(i) = min(max(t(i,k),128._r8),373._r8)
#endif
es = estblf(tlim(i))
denom = p(i,k) - omeps*es
qs = epsqs*es/denom
doit(i) = 0
enout(i) = 1._r8
! make sure a meaningful calculation is possible
if (p(i,k) > 5._r8*es .and. qs > 0._r8 .and. qs < 0.5_r8) then
!
! Saturation specific humidity
!
qs = min(epsqs*es/denom,1._r8)
!
! "generalized" analytic expression for t derivative of es
! accurate to within 1 percent for 173.16 < t < 373.16
!
! Weighting of hlat accounts for transition from water to ice
! polynomial expression approximates difference between es over
! water and es over ice from 0 to -ttrice (C) (min of ttrice is
! -40): required for accurate estimate of es derivative in transition
! range from ice to water also accounting for change of hlatv with t
! above freezing where const slope is given by -2369 j/(kg c) = cpv - cw
!
tc = tlim(i) - tt0
lflg = (tc >= -ttrice .and. tc < 0.0_r8)
weight(i) = min(-tc*trinv,1.0_r8)
hlatsb = hlatv + weight(i)*hlatf
hlatvp = hlatv - 2369.0_r8*tc
if (tlim(i) < tt0) then
hltalt(i,k) = hlatsb
else
hltalt(i,k) = hlatvp
end if
enin(i) = cp*tlim(i) + hltalt(i,k)*q(i,k)
! make a guess at the wet bulb temp using a UKMO algorithm (from J. Petch)
tmp = q(i,k) - qs
c1 = hltalt(i,k)*c3
c2 = (tlim(i) + 36._r8)**2
r1b = c2/(c2 + c1*qs)
qvd = r1b*tmp
tsp(i,k) = tlim(i) + ((hltalt(i,k)/cp)*qvd)
#ifdef DEBUG
if ( (lchnk == lchnklook(nlook) ) .and. (i == icollook(nlook) ) ) then
write(iulog,*) ' relative humidity ', q(i,k)/qs
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
write(iulog,*) ' first guess ', tsp(i,k)
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
endif
#endif
es = estblf(tsp(i,k))
qsp(i,k) = min(epsqs*es/(p(i,k) - omeps*es),1._r8)
else
doit(i) = 1
tsp(i,k) = tlim(i)
qsp(i,k) = q(i,k)
enin(i) = 1._r8
endif
end do ! end do i
!
! now iterate on first guess
!
do l = 1, iter
dtm = 0
dqm = 0
do i = 1,ncol
if (doit(i) == 0) then
es = estblf(tsp(i,k))
!
! Saturation specific humidity
!
qs = min(epsqs*es/(p(i,k) - omeps*es),1._r8)
!
! "generalized" analytic expression for t derivative of es
! accurate to within 1 percent for 173.16 < t < 373.16
!
! Weighting of hlat accounts for transition from water to ice
! polynomial expression approximates difference between es over
! water and es over ice from 0 to -ttrice (C) (min of ttrice is
! -40): required for accurate estimate of es derivative in transition
! range from ice to water also accounting for change of hlatv with t
! above freezing where const slope is given by -2369 j/(kg c) = cpv - cw
!
tc = tsp(i,k) - tt0
lflg = (tc >= -ttrice .and. tc < 0.0_r8)
weight(i) = min(-tc*trinv,1.0_r8)
hlatsb = hlatv + weight(i)*hlatf
hlatvp = hlatv - 2369.0_r8*tc
if (tsp(i,k) < tt0) then
hltalt(i,k) = hlatsb
else
hltalt(i,k) = hlatvp
end if
if (lflg) then
tterm = pcf(1) + tc*(pcf(2) + tc*(pcf(3)+tc*(pcf(4) + tc*pcf(5))))
else
tterm = 0.0_r8
end if
desdt = hltalt(i,k)*es/(rgasv*tsp(i,k)*tsp(i,k)) + tterm*trinv
dqsdt = (epsqs + omeps*qs)/(p(i,k) - omeps*es)*desdt
! g = cp*(tlim(i)-tsp(i,k)) + hltalt(i,k)*q(i,k)- hltalt(i,k)*qsp(i,k)
g = enin(i) - (cp*tsp(i,k) + hltalt(i,k)*qsp(i,k))
dgdt = -(cp + hltalt(i,k)*dqsdt)
t1 = tsp(i,k) - g/dgdt
dt = abs(t1 - tsp(i,k))/t1
tsp(i,k) = max(t1,tmin)
es = estblf(tsp(i,k))
q1 = min(epsqs*es/(p(i,k) - omeps*es),1._r8)
dq = abs(q1 - qsp(i,k))/max(q1,1.e-12_r8)
qsp(i,k) = q1
#ifdef DEBUG
if ( (lchnk == lchnklook(nlook) ) .and. (i == icollook(nlook) ) ) then
write(iulog,*) ' rel chg lev, iter, t, q ', k, l, dt, dq, g
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
endif
#endif
dtm = max(dtm,dt)
dqm = max(dqm,dq)
! if converged at this point, exclude it from more iterations
if (dt < dttol .and. dq < dqtol) then
doit(i) = 2
endif
enout(i) = cp*tsp(i,k) + hltalt(i,k)*qsp(i,k)
! bail out if we are too near the end of temp range
#if ( ! defined WACCM_MOZART )
if (tsp(i,k) < 174.16_r8) then
#else
if (tsp(i,k) < 130.16_r8) then
#endif
doit(i) = 4
endif
else
endif
end do ! do i = 1,ncol
if (dtm < dttol .and. dqm < dqtol) then
go to 10
endif
end do ! do l = 1,iter
10 continue
error_found = .false.
if (dtm > dttol .or. dqm > dqtol) then
do i = 1,ncol
if (doit(i) == 0) error_found = .true.
end do
if (error_found) then
do i = 1,ncol
if (doit(i) == 0) then
write(iulog,*) ' findsp not converging at point i, k ', i, k
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
write(iulog,*) ' t, q, p, enin ', t(i,k), q(i,k), p(i,k), enin(i)
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
write(iulog,*) ' tsp, qsp, enout ', tsp(i,k), qsp(i,k), enout(i)
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
call endrun ('FINDSP')
endif
end do
endif
endif
do i = 1,ncol
if (doit(i) == 2 .and. abs((enin(i)-enout(i))/(enin(i)+enout(i))) > 1.e-4_r8) then
error_found = .true.
endif
end do
if (error_found) then
do i = 1,ncol
if (doit(i) == 2 .and. abs((enin(i)-enout(i))/(enin(i)+enout(i))) > 1.e-4_r8) then
write(iulog,*) ' the enthalpy is not conserved for point ', &
i, k, enin(i), enout(i)
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
write(iulog,*) ' t, q, p, enin ', t(i,k), q(i,k), p(i,k), enin(i)
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
write(iulog,*) ' tsp, qsp, enout ', tsp(i,k), qsp(i,k), enout(i)
#ifdef WRF_PORT
call wrf_message(iulog)
#endif
call endrun ('FINDSP')
endif
end do
endif
end do ! level loop (k=1,pver)
return
end subroutine findsp
! ------------------------ !
! !
! End of subroutine blocks !
! !
! ------------------------ !
end module uwshcu